Neonatal taurine and alanine modulate anxiety-like behavior and decelerate cortical spreading depression in rats previously suckled under different litter sizes

Francisco, Elian da Silva; Guedes, Rubem Carlos Araújo

doi:10.1007/s00726-015-2036-8

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Taurine pre-administered to CUMS rats could significantly inhibit the decrease of sucrose consumption, exploration ability, horizontal score and vertical score in the OFT, and number of platform crossings in the MWM, while hinder the increase of the moving distance and latency in the MWM, indicating an obvious preventive effect of taurine on the depression-like behavior. The results were similar to those from an experiment on young rats, in which taurine exerted important anti-anxiety effects 18 , and also in accordance with the results that taurine pretreatment prevented anesthetic isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in rats 19 . We also found that taurine supplemented to control rats had no significant effects on behavior, which was in accordance with previous studies that added taurine to normal animals 20 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Antidepressant effect of taurine in chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive rats

Ren

Tang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Depression, a psychiatric and dysthymic disorder, severely affects the learning, work and life quality. The main pathogenesis of depression is associated with central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. Taurine has been demonstrated to exert protective effects on the brain development and can improve learning ability and memory. Our study investigated the antidepressant-like effects of taurine pre-treatment by examining the changes in depression-like behavior, hormones, neurotransmitters, inflammatory factors and neurotrophic factors in the hippocampus of a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressive rat model. Taurine was found to inhibit the decrease of sucrose consumption and prevent the deficiency of spatial memory and anxiety in rats exposed to CUMS, suggesting a preventive effect of taurine on depression-like behavior. Furthermore, the decreased levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine, dopamine, noradrenaline; the increased levels of glutamate, corticosterone; and the decreased expressions of fibroblast growth factor-2, vascular endothelial growth factor and brain derived neurotrophic factor in depressive rats were hindered by taurine pre-administration. However, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β levels were not significantly changed by taurine. The results demonstrated that the anti-depressive effect of taurine may be involved in the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the promotion of neurogenesis, neuronal survival and growth in the hippocampus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Antidepressant effect of taurine in chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive rats

Ren

Tang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…These molecules play key roles in excitatory and inhibitory transmission in the brain. 55 The opposite changes in ethanolamine and asparagine levels in the PFC and hippocampus suggest that these brain regions may show different responses to DG. Further studies are needed to clarify the differential effects of DG in the brain and to further elucidate the specific metabolite changes and pathways involved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolite-related antidepressant action of diterpene ginkgolides in the prefrontal cortex

Hu¹,

Shen²,

Bai³

et al. 2018

NDT

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PurposeGinkgo biloba extract (GBE) contains diterpene ginkgolides (DGs), which have been shown to have neuroprotective effects by a number of previous studies. We previously demonstrated part of the action of DG. However, the impact of DG on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the effects of DG and venlafaxine (for comparison) on behavioral and metabolite changes in the PFC using mice models and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry-based metabolomics.Materials and methodsMice were randomly divided into control (saline), DG (12.18 mg/kg) and venlafaxine (16 mg/kg) groups. After 2 weeks of treatment, depression and anxiety-related behavioral tests were performed. Metabolic profiles of the PFC were detected by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.ResultsThe DG group exhibited positive effects in the sucrose preference test. The differential metabolites were mainly related to amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism and lipid metabolism. The results indicated that the DG group exhibited perturbed lipid metabolism, molecular transport and small-molecule biochemistry in the PFC. Compared with the control group, pathway analysis indicated that venlafaxine and DG had similar effects on alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate that DG has antidepressant-like, but not anxiolytic-like, effects in mice, suggesting that it might have therapeutic potential for the treatment of major depressive disorder.

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“…However, taurine does play other critical roles, particularly in the central nervous system, such as by helping to regulate cell volume and modulate neurotransmission in the brain (Oja & Saransaari, 2017). In addition, taurine has been hypothesized to play a role in anxiolytic behavior in rodents (Chen et al, 2004; El Idrissi et al, 2009; da Silva Francisco & Guedes, 2015; Kong et al, 2006; McCool & Chappell, 2007; Wu et al, 2017; Zhang & Kim, 2007). The effects of caffeine and taurine in combination have mainly been studied in the context of physical performance and cardiovascular function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety-like behavior and whole-body cortisol responses to components of energy drinks in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Alia¹,

Petrunich-Rutherford²

2019

PeerJ

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The current study investigated the independent and combined effects of caffeine and taurine on anxiety-like behavior and neuroendocrine responses in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione), the world’s most commonly used psychoactive drug, acts as an adenosine receptor blocker and a mild central nervous system stimulant. However, excessive use of caffeine is associated with heightened anxiety levels. Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), a semi-essential amino acid synthesized within the human brain, has been hypothesized to play a role in regulating anxiolytic behavior. Caffeine and taurine are two common additives in energy drinks and are often found in high concentrations in these beverages. However, few studies have investigated the interaction of these two chemicals with regards to anxiety measures. A suitable vertebrate to examine anxiety-like behavior and physiological stress responses is the zebrafish, which has shown promise due to substantial physiological and genetic homology with humans. Anxiety-like behavior in zebrafish can be determined by analyzing habituation to novelty when fish are placed into a novel tank and scototaxis (light avoidance) behavior in the light-dark test. Stress-related neuroendocrine responses can be measured in zebrafish by analyzing whole-body cortisol levels. The goal of this study was to determine if exposure to caffeine, taurine, or a combination of the two compounds altered anxiety-like behavior and whole-body cortisol levels in zebrafish relative to control. Zebrafish were individually exposed to either caffeine (100 mg/L), taurine (400 mg/L), or both for 15 min. Zebrafish in the control group were handled in the same manner but were only exposed to system tank water. After treatment, fish were transferred to the novel tank test or the light-dark test. Behavior was tracked for the first 6 min in the novel tank and 15 min in the light-tark test. Fifteen min after introduction to the behavioral task, fish were euthanized for the analysis of whole-body cortisol levels. The results demonstrate that caffeine treatment decreased the amount of exploration in the top of the novel tank and increased scototaxis behavior in the light-dark test, which supports the established anxiogenic effect of acute exposure to caffeine. Taurine alone did not alter basal levels of anxiety-like behavioral responses nor ameliorated the anxiogenic effects of caffeine on behavior when the two compounds were administered concurrently. None of the drug treatments altered basal levels of whole-body cortisol. The current results of this study suggest that, at least at this dose and time of exposure, taurine does not mitigate the anxiety-producing effects of caffeine when administered in combination, such as with energy drink consumption.

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Neonatal taurine and alanine modulate anxiety-like behavior and decelerate cortical spreading depression in rats previously suckled under different litter sizes

Cited by 23 publications

References 54 publications

Antidepressant effect of taurine in chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive rats

Antidepressant effect of taurine in chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive rats

Metabolite-related antidepressant action of diterpene ginkgolides in the prefrontal cortex

Anxiety-like behavior and whole-body cortisol responses to components of energy drinks in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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