Neonatal surveillance for congenital Zika infection during the 2016 microcephaly outbreak in Salvador, Brazil: Zika virus detection in asymptomatic newborns

Oliveira, João; Carvalho, Tereza Cristina Xavier; Giovanetti, Marta; Jesus, Jaqueline Góes de; Santos, Cleiton Silva; Pessoa, Lorena; Filho, Cláudio F Q Magalhães; Lima, J.W. Marangon; Carvalho, Daniel Augusto; Figueiredo, Eduardo M; Biron, Ana Carolina; Santos, Daiana Carlos Dos; Viana, Paloma; Duarte, Alan Oliveira; Pessoa, Rosana; Souza, Gloryane B; Calcagno, Juan Ignácio; Lima, Fernanda W. M.; Alcântara, Luíz Carlos Júnior; Siqueira, Isadora Cristina de

doi:10.1002/ijgo.13042

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Participants were recruited from a previous neonatal surveillance program for Congenital Zika Infection in 2016 at a public maternity hospital in the municipality of Salvador (Bahia), located in Northeastern Brazil [ 42 ]. All enrolled newborns were classified according to the criteria established by the International Fetal and Newborn Growth Consortium for the 21st Century (INTERGROWTH-21st).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) plasma was obtained by centrifugation and stored at −80 °C until analysis. Serological and molecular ZIKV diagnoses were performed according to previously described methods [ 42 , 44 ]. Congenital Zika was defined when newborns presented positivity upon serological testing (anti-ZIKV immunoglobulin M-IgM) or real-time reverse transcription PCR (rRT-PCR) for ZIKV.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Untargeted Metabolomics Insights into Newborns with Congenital Zika Infection

et al. 2021

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Zika virus (ZIKV), an emerging virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family, causes severe neurological clinical complications and has been associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome, fetal abnormalities known collectively as congenital Zika syndrome, and microcephaly. Studies have shown that ZIKV infection can alter cellular metabolism, directly affecting neural development. Brain growth requires controlled cellular metabolism, which is essential for cell proliferation and maturation. However, little is known regarding the metabolic profile of ZIKV-infected newborns and possible associations related to microcephaly. Furthering the understanding surrounding underlying mechanisms is essential to developing personalized treatments for affected individuals. Thus, metabolomics, the study of the metabolites produced by or modified in an organism, constitutes a valuable approach in the study of complex diseases. Here, 26 serum samples from ZIKV-positive newborns with or without microcephaly, as well as controls, were analyzed using an untargeted metabolomics approach involving gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Significant alterations in essential and non-essential amino acids, as well as carbohydrates (including aldohexoses, such as glucose or mannose) and their derivatives (urea and pyruvic acid), were observed in the metabolic profiles analyzed. Our results provide insight into relevant metabolic processes in patients with ZIKV and microcephaly.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untargeted Metabolomics Insights into Newborns with Congenital Zika Infection

et al. 2021

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“…In fact, features of the Brazilian CZS outbreak have become a talking point in relation to the local high concentration of microcephaly cases in northeastern Brazil [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. Campos et al proposed that “the unusual distribution of microcephaly in the Northeast region might be accentuated by prior, sequential exposition and/or co-viral infection with other pathogen”, suggesting that ZIKV is not the only culprit [ 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More so than the lack of available in vivo models, ZIKV is a biological complex system whose evolution design depends on the meeting of other biological entities, such as through the occurrence of a mixed viral infection in human. Taken together, this leads to the belief that globalization contributes to the intensification of co-exposition, leading to great opportunities for ZIKV outbreaks ( Figure 1 and Figure 3 for ZIKV, latent virus and host) [ 56 , 57 , 58 , 96 ]. ZIKV is an arthropod-borne virus, transmitted especially by Aedes species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the ZIKV Congenital Syndrome and Microcephaly Due to Syndemism with Latent Virus Coinfection?

Grayo

2021

Viruses

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The emergence of the Zika virus (ZIKV) mirrors its evolutionary nature and, thus, its ability to grow in diversity or complexity (i.e., related to genome, host response, environment changes, tropism, and pathogenicity), leading to it recently joining the circle of closed congenital pathogens. The causal relation of ZIKV to microcephaly is still a much-debated issue. The identification of outbreak foci being in certain endemic urban areas characterized by a high-density population emphasizes that mixed infections might spearhead the recent appearance of a wide range of diseases that were initially attributed to ZIKV. Globally, such coinfections may have both positive and negative effects on viral replication, tropism, host response, and the viral genome. In other words, the possibility of coinfection may necessitate revisiting what is considered to be known regarding the pathogenesis and epidemiology of ZIKV diseases. ZIKV viral coinfections are already being reported with other arboviruses (e.g., chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and dengue virus (DENV)) as well as congenital pathogens (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cytomegalovirus (HCMV)). However, descriptions of human latent viruses and their impacts on ZIKV disease outcomes in hosts are currently lacking. This review proposes to select some interesting human latent viruses (i.e., herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), human parvovirus B19 (B19V), and human papillomavirus (HPV)), whose virological features and co-exposition with ZIKV may provide evidence of the syndemism process, shedding some light on the emergence of the ZIKV-induced global congenital syndrome in South America.

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“…Ocampo et al . showed that newborns of Zika‐infected women were mostly born at full term and with normal birthweight, while de Siqueira et al . emphasized the need for continuous screening of newborns, even among those not exhibiting any symptoms of Zika virus, to ensure timely access to services.…”

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Research and research capacity strengthening in the context of an emerging epidemic: Zika virus in Latin America

Thorson

Aslanyan

Brizuela

et al. 2020

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) with the support of PAHO joined, to issue a call for research proposals. The aim was to combine support for research capacity strengthening in the context of an emerging epidemic, with investigations into the multifaceted but largely unknown nature of the Zika virus outbreak. Researchers based in the countries most affected by the epidemic were encouraged to apply for funding that prioritized implementation research projects to support an evidence-based, comprehensive public health response. 3In many of the Zika-affected countries in Latin America, socioeconomic inequities and legislation limit access to sexual and reproductive health services such as modern contraceptives and safe abortion. 4 The Zika epidemic exposed this vulnerability further, given its dire consequences for pregnant women. Viral characteristics, such as sexual transmission of the virus caused by it persisting in semen several months after infection 5 and the highly contextualized varying incidence rates of microcephaly following Zika infection during pregnancy, highlighted how inequities in and unmet access to sexual and reproductive health services determine the epidemic's impact.The combined effort between the WHO-hosted special research programs and the WHO regional office-focusing on infectious diseases of poverty and sexual and reproductive health and rights-enabled WHO to address the need for cross-cutting efforts between research areas and disciplines, in response to a complex emergency like the Zika epidemic. Ranging from studies on the spatial distribution of the virus and its relative risk, to articles on understanding how the virus impacts women's reproductive choices in communities without access to safe abortion, the papers in this Supplement illustrate the broad variety of perspectives necessary to ensure an understanding of the Zika virus context and to tailor the necessary response.The articles included in this Supplement come from Brazil, Colombia, and Peru. Colleagues implementing a study in Colombia (Forero et al. 6 ) This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution IGO License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited. In any reproduction of this article there should not be any suggestion that WHO or the article endorse any specific organization or products. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. This notice should be preserved along with the article's URL.

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Neonatal surveillance for congenital Zika infection during the 2016 microcephaly outbreak in Salvador, Brazil: Zika virus detection in asymptomatic newborns

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Untargeted Metabolomics Insights into Newborns with Congenital Zika Infection

Untargeted Metabolomics Insights into Newborns with Congenital Zika Infection

Is the ZIKV Congenital Syndrome and Microcephaly Due to Syndemism with Latent Virus Coinfection?

Research and research capacity strengthening in the context of an emerging epidemic: Zika virus in Latin America

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