Neonatal stress transiently alters the development of hippocampal oxytocin receptors

Noonan, Linda R.; Caldwell, Jack D.; Li, Li; Walker, Cheryl H.; Pedersen, Cort A.; Mason, George A.

doi:10.1016/0165-3806(94)90094-9

Cited by 42 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In addition to the alterations of the HPA system, maternal deprivation also is known to produce changes in a number of neurotransmitter systems, including oxytocin Noonan et al, 1994;Pedersen, Boccia, & Janowsky, 1999) and dopamine (Hall, 1998;Kuhn & Schanberg, 1998). With respect to the dopamine system, work by Hansen and colleagues (Hansen, 1994;Hansen, Bergvall, & Nyiredi, 1993) and by Stern and colleagues ; see also Lee, Li, Watchus, & Fleming, 1999) suggests that a dysregulation in the dopamine system by administration of haloperidol or 6-OHDA into the nucleus accumbens or selected lesions of the nucleus accumbens disrupts maternal retrieving and other components of maternal behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternally separated rats show deficits in maternal care in adulthood

Lovic

González

Fleming

2001

Developmental Psychobiology

126

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Although there is considerable research on the phenomenology, neuroendocrinology, neuroanatomy, and sensory control of maternal behavior, little is known about the influences of early postnatal and postweaning experiences on the development of maternal behavior. The purpose of this study was to assess how early life separation from the mother rat affects development of the offspring's juvenile and adult maternal behavior. From postnatal Days 1 to 17, 3 female rats within each litter were separated (SEP) from the mother and the rest of the litter for 5 hr daily while 3 of their sisters were not maternally separated (NSEP). On postnatal Day 21, all subjects were weaned and randomly assigned to one of three juvenile conditions. One female from both SEP and NSEP groups was either isolated (I), given a social conspecific (S), or given 1- to 4-day-old pups (P) for 5 consecutive days. Maternal behavior of SEP and NSEP animals was assessed and recorded on each of the 5 days. Once all animals reached adulthood, they were mated, gave birth, and were assessed for their maternal behavior. We found that the effects of maternal separation on juvenile maternal-like behaviors were minimal. On the other hand, maternal separation reduced adult maternal licking and crouching over pups. In addition, there was a significant interaction between postnatal and juvenile experience on maternal crouching in maternal animals. These results are discussed in terms of the variety of possible behavioral, endocrine, and neurochemical mechanisms that mediate the effects of early life experiences on adult maternal behavior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternally separated rats show deficits in maternal care in adulthood

Lovic

González

Fleming

2001

Developmental Psychobiology

126

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“…Maternal deprivation and low levels of pup-licking and arched-back nursing have been shown to reduce CNS OXTr levels [36, 37], while high levels of early peer interactions are known to increase OXTr binding in regions of the adult amygdala [30]. OXT is involved in affiliative/social and stress-related behaviors, and a reduction in OXTr has been linked to increased anxiety responses, neuroendocrine responses to stress, and decreases in social interactions [38-43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of infant–caregiver experiences on amygdala Bdnf, OXTr, and NPY expression in developing and adult male and female rats

Hill

Warren

Roth

2014

Behavioural Brain Research

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Previous work with various animal models has demonstrated that alterations in the caregiving environment produce long-term changes in anxiety-related and social behaviors, as well as amygdala gene expression. We previously introduced a rodent model in which the timing and duration of exposure to maltreatment or nurturing care outside the home cage can be controlled to assess neurobiological outcomes. Here we sought to determine whether our brief experimental conditions produce changes in gene expression within the developing and adult amygdala. Using a candidate gene approach, we examined fold mRNA changes for the Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf), Oxytocin receptor (OXTr), and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) genes, which are all highly expressed in the amygdala and play important roles in anxiety-related and social behaviors. In adults, significant group differences were detected for only Bdnf, with higher levels of Bdnf mRNA for females that had been exposed to maltreatment and males exposed to nurturing care outside the home cage relative to littermate controls. For pups, significant group differences were detected for only OXTr, with lower levels of OXTr mRNA in females exposed to maltreatment. Finally, for adolescents, maltreated-females showed significant changes in Bdnf (decreased), OXTr (decreased), and NPY (increased) mRNA relative to controls. These data illustrate the ability of brief, but repeated exposure to different caregiving environments during the first postnatal week to have long-term effects on gene expression within the developing and adult amygdala, especially for females.

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“…Reduced maternal grooming and licking is associated with significant and persistent differences in the adult offspring's emotionality (Caldji et al, 1998), cognition (Zaharia et al, 1996), hypothalamic CRH, and AVP mRNA expression (Liu et al, 1997), as well as binding to GABA A , CRH, a 2 -adrenergic (Caldji et al, 1998), and glucocorticoid receptors in the brain (Sutanto et al, 1996). Two independent groups have reported a decrease in OT receptor binding in the amygdala, following repeated mother-infant separations or decreased maternal licking and grooming (Francis et al, 2000;Noonan et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rearing Effects on Cerebrospinal Fluid Oxytocin Concentration and Social Buffering in Rhesus Monkeys

Winslow

Noble

Lyons

et al. 2002

Neuropsychopharmacol

293

204

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Mother-reared (MR) and nursery-reared (NR) male rhesus monkeys exhibit profound and persistent differences in social and emotional behavior. Compared to MR animals, NR monkeys show reduced reciprocal social behaviors and increased agonistic behavior and high levels of stereotypy. Cerebrospinal fluid oxytocin (CSF OT) in NR monkeys was significantly reduced compared to MR monkeys measured at 18, 24, and 36 months of age. Correlations between OT and individual social behavioral profiles measured across rearing conditions also revealed a significant association between OT and the expression of affiliative social behaviors including allogrooming and reciprocal intermale mounting at each age examined. In contrast, CSF vasopressin levels did not differ according to rearing history, but did correlate with fearful behaviors independent of rearing history. Differential rearing was not associated with differences in basal or stressrelated plasma cortisol, although these levels did progressively decline as monkeys matured. MR but not NR monkeys were able to use a social companion to buffer their response to a stressor, but OT levels did not appear to be sensitive to the presence of a social companion in either group. These results are consistent with earlier reports from studies of rodents suggesting an important role for central OT pathways in the development of social affiliation.

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Neonatal stress transiently alters the development of hippocampal oxytocin receptors

Cited by 42 publications

References 28 publications

Maternally separated rats show deficits in maternal care in adulthood

Maternally separated rats show deficits in maternal care in adulthood

The influence of infant–caregiver experiences on amygdala Bdnf, OXTr, and NPY expression in developing and adult male and female rats

Rearing Effects on Cerebrospinal Fluid Oxytocin Concentration and Social Buffering in Rhesus Monkeys

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