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The article highlights the activities of the UN in the African area: promoting the economic development of the UN states; combating international terrorism and organized crime; ensuring international security; preventing armed confl icts; strengthening cooperation of Member States in the fi ght against infectious and other dangerous diseases. The close attention of the UN Security Council to the political processes taking place on the African continent yields tangible results. Peacekeeping missions are being sent to hot spots in Africa. The military contingents of these missions, together with the army units of states, participate in the fi ght against militants of illegal armed formations, reduce the intensity of confl icts, help the civilian population to survive in a diffi cult military-political situation, as well as assist in the post-confl ict reconstruction of countries. Given the weakness and imperfection of the local armies, UN member states help to train the peacekeeping forces of African states. Russia, along with other states, is preparing Africans for peacekeeping activities through the Ministry of Internal Aff airs and the Ministry of Defense.
The article highlights the activities of the UN in the African area: promoting the economic development of the UN states; combating international terrorism and organized crime; ensuring international security; preventing armed confl icts; strengthening cooperation of Member States in the fi ght against infectious and other dangerous diseases. The close attention of the UN Security Council to the political processes taking place on the African continent yields tangible results. Peacekeeping missions are being sent to hot spots in Africa. The military contingents of these missions, together with the army units of states, participate in the fi ght against militants of illegal armed formations, reduce the intensity of confl icts, help the civilian population to survive in a diffi cult military-political situation, as well as assist in the post-confl ict reconstruction of countries. Given the weakness and imperfection of the local armies, UN member states help to train the peacekeeping forces of African states. Russia, along with other states, is preparing Africans for peacekeeping activities through the Ministry of Internal Aff airs and the Ministry of Defense.
TÓM TẮT Đặt vấn đề: Nhiễm khuẩn sơ sinh sớm là một trong những nguyên nhân gây tử vong cao ở giai đoạn sơ sinh nhưng việc chẩn đoán sớm còn gặp nhiều khó khăn. Vì thế, chúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu này nhằm mục đích tìm hiểu các yếu tố nguy cơ giúp thiết lập chẩn đoán nhiễm khuẩn sơ sinh sớm. Đối tượng, phương pháp: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu. Lấy mẫu toàn bộ gồm 295 trẻ sơ sinh được chẩn đoán nghi ngờ nhiễm khuẩn sơ sinh sớm trong 72 giờ đầu sau sinh. Sau đó, chia thành hai nhóm: nhóm nhiễm khuẩn (các trường hợp nhiễm khuẩn hay có khả năng nhiễm khuẩn) và nhóm không nhiễm khuẩn để so sánh. Địa điểm nghiên cứu: phòng Nhi sơ sinh, Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y Dược Huế từ tháng 5/2019 đến tháng 5/2020. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ của nhóm nhiễm khuẩn là 57,3%. Các yếu tố liên quan giúp chẩn đoán nhiễm khuẩn sơ sinh sớm bao gồm: ối vỡ non (OR = 4,7), thời gian ối vỡ trên 18 giờ (OR = 2,5), da tái, nổi vân tím (OR = 14,9), trẻ có chỉ định thở máy (OR = 8,7), suy hô hấp bắt đầu sau 4 giờ tuổi (OR = 6,8), kém linh hoạt (OR = 6,6), bụng chướng (OR = 4,2), thở nhanh (OR = 2,7), nôn (OR = 2,3), số lượng bạch cầu trong máu ngoại vi > 25 x 109/L (OR = 5,7), tỷ lệ bạch cầu đa nhân trung tính > 65% (OR = 2,0) và nồng độ CRP huyết thanh > 10 mg/L (OR = 8,0). Kết luận: Việc phối hợp các yếu tố nguy cơ trong thai kỳ, triệu chứng lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng, giúp xác định chẩn đoán nhiễm khuẩn sơ sinh sớm, nhằm hạn chế tối đa việc sử dụng kháng sinh không cần thiết ở trẻ sơ sinh. Từ khóa: Sơ sinh, nhiễm khuẩn sơ sinh sớm, yếu tố nguy cơ trước sinh ABSTRACT RELATED FACTORS OF EARLY-ONSET NEONATAL INFECTION AT HUE UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMARCY HOSPITAL Background: Early - onset neonatal infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates and it’s diagnosis remains challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to describle the related factors that can help establish the diagnosis of early - onset neonatal infection. Methods: A retrospective study. A total sample of 295 neonates at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hue, Viet Nam from 5/2019 - 5/2020, who were suspected to suffer from infection within the first 72 hours of life. Then, they were classified as infected group (confirmed or possible infected) and non - infected group to compare. Results: The prevalence of infected group is 57,3%. Some related factors of early - onset neonatal infection are: prelabour rupture of membranes (OR=4,7), rupture of membranes for more than 18 hours (OR = 2,5), pale or mottled skin (OR = 14,9), need for mechanical ventilation (OR = 8,7), respiratory distress starting more than 4 hours after birth (OR = 6,8), responsiveness (OR = 6,6), abdominal distension (OR = 4,2), tachypnoea (OR = 2,7),vomiting (OR = 2,3), white blood cell in peripheral circulation > 25 x 109/L (OR = 5,7), neutrophil ratio in peripheral circulation > 65% (OR = 2,0) and CRP concentrations > 10 mg/L (OR = 8,0). Conclusions: Combination of perinatal risk factors, clinical and subclinical characteristcs are highly suggestive for early - onset neonatal infection will help to reduce the numbers of babies given antibiotics unnecessarily. Key words: Neonate, early - onset infection, perinatal risk factors
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