Neonatal Osteomyelitis

Decembrino, Lidia; Decembrino, Nunzia; Stronati, Mauro

doi:10.5772/intechopen.69675

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…ICs have proven to be the major driver of LOS and costs in the NICU population. 15 Our study demonstrates that ICs have a major impact on LOS and costs for patients with both SG and CG. We found that specific IC influenced outcomes more than others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

The Influence of Infectious Complications in Gastroschisis on Costs and Length of Stay

et al. 2016

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Outcomes for gastroschisis (GS) remain highly variable and avoiding infectious complications (ICs) may represent a significant improvement opportunity. Our objective was to provide estimates of the impact of IC on length of stay (LOS) and costs. Using a national database, 1,378 patients with GS were identified. Patient and hospital characteristics were compared and LOS and costs evaluated for patients with and without IC. Two-thirds of all GS patients had IC, and IC were common for simple and complex GS (65, 73%, respectively). After controlling for patient and hospital factors, LOS in patients with IC was significantly longer than in patients without IC (4.5-day increase, = 0.001). Specifically, sepsis was associated with increasing median LOS by 11 days ( ≤ 0.001), candida infection by 14 days ( < 0.001), and wound infection by 7 days ( = 0.007). Although overall costs did not differ between patients with and without IC, costs were elevated based on specific IC. Sepsis increased median costs by $22,380 (95% confidence interval [CI]: $14,372-30,388; ≤ 0.001), wound infection by $32,351 (95% CI: $17,221-47,481; ≤ 0.001), catheter-related infection by $57,180 (95% CI: $12,834-101,527; = 0.011), and candida infections by $24,500 (95% CI: $8,832-40,167; = 0.002). IC among GS patients are common and contribute to increased LOS and costs. Quantifying clinical and financial ramifications of IC may help direct future quality improvement efforts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

The Influence of Infectious Complications in Gastroschisis on Costs and Length of Stay

et al. 2016

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“…MRI has become the gold standard to evaluate musculoskeletal infection and the positive rate of MRI in detecting osteomyelitis was 100% (21). It has the capability of assessing the osseous, articular and muscular structures simultaneously and does not require ionizing radiation (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some cases, post-natal surgical repair is suggested (2). Osteomyelitis in neonates is usually due to hematogenous spread of bacterial infections or less frequently to direct inoculation as a result of a trauma or surgery (18). Common symptoms include bone pain, swelling, redness, guarding and failure to move the affected body part (pseudoparalysis).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Common symptoms include bone pain, swelling, redness, guarding and failure to move the affected body part (pseudoparalysis). The causative pathogens are different in different countries but the most common pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus, found in 70-90% of culture positive cases (18), Streptococcus mainly group B and Gram-negative enteric bacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) are responsible in other cases (19,20). Acute haematogenous OM is usually de ned acute if the signs or symptoms are present for less than 14 days, and subacute or chronic if signs or symptoms are present for more than 14 days (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acute haematogenous OM is usually de ned acute if the signs or symptoms are present for less than 14 days, and subacute or chronic if signs or symptoms are present for more than 14 days (6). Imaging (computed tomography (CT) scan, radiography, bone scan, US and/or MRI) is used to identify the site of an infection, the presence of liquid collections for diagnostic aspiration and/or biopsy, to differentiate a unifocal from multifocal disease and to identify present or impending complications, such as joint or extradural involvement (11,18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Neonate with Amniotic Band Syndrome and Osteomyelitis

Zafaranloo¹,

Moshfegh²,

Mohagheghi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) comprises of a spectrum of congenital malformations involving the limbs more often, but any other anatomic region of fetus could be involved (1). Its prevalence has been reported to range from 0.19 to 8.1 per 10000 live births (2). There are different theories for explaining the etiology of amniotic bands, but it has been considered to have a multifactorial etiology. (2) Fetoscopic release of amniotic bands affecting one or more extremities can prevent limb loss or preserve limb function when distal fellow is still identifiable on preoperative ultrasound scans (3)(4). ABS occurs in 77% of fetuses with multiple anomalies (5). Both males and females are equally affected (6). Osteomyelitis in neonates is relatively uncommon, but burdened with an increased hospital stay and possible long‐term sequela if not diagnosed on time (18). The long bones are the most frequently affected sites (18).Case presentation: Here we are introducing a neonate with left upper extremity necrosis due to ABS which needed amputation and it was associated with severe chronic osteomyelitis.Conclusion: Amniotic band syndrome mostly involves the limbs. It is important to diagnose it as soon as possible, because with the interprofessional teamwork approach, an optimal patient result with fetoscopic or surgery procedures could be achieved.

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Lactoferrin: A Critical Mediator of Both Host Immune Response and Antimicrobial Activity in Response to Streptococcal Infections

Francis

Doster

et al. 2020

ACS Infect. Dis.

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Streptococcal species are gram positive bacteria responsible for a variety of disease outcomes including pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis, erysipelas, necrotizing fasciitis, periodontitis, skin and soft tissue infections, chorioamnionitis, premature rupture of membranes, preterm birth, and neonatal sepsis. In response to streptococcal infections, the host innate immune system deploys a repertoire of antimicrobial and immune modulating molecules. One important molecule that is produced in response to streptococcal infections is lactoferrin. Lactoferrin has antimicrobial properties including the ability to bind iron with high affinity and sequester this important nutrient from an invading pathogen. Additionally, lactoferrin has the capacity to alter the host inflammatory response and contribute to disease outcome. This review presents the most recent published work that studies the interaction between the host innate immune protein lactoferrin and the invading pathogen, Streptococcus.

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Neonatal Osteomyelitis

Cited by 4 publications

References 52 publications

The Influence of Infectious Complications in Gastroschisis on Costs and Length of Stay

The Influence of Infectious Complications in Gastroschisis on Costs and Length of Stay

A Neonate with Amniotic Band Syndrome and Osteomyelitis

Lactoferrin: A Critical Mediator of Both Host Immune Response and Antimicrobial Activity in Response to Streptococcal Infections

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