Neonatal nosocomial sepsis in Level-III NICU: Causative pathogens and their antimicrobial sensitivity.

Abstract

Objective: To find out common organism causing nosocomial sepsis in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and their sensitivity to frequently used antibiotics. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: NICU Pediatric Department of Nishtar Hospital Multan. Period: May 2018 to April 2019. Material & Methods: A total of 111 neonates of either gender admitted with blood culture proven sepsis were included in the study. For culture, blood samples were taken, ensuring standard antiseptic measures, either from a peripheral vein or an artery. Any growth of bacteria after incubation of 24 to 48 hours with only BACTEC and VITEK-2 technique were included, and their drug sensitivity recorded. Demographic data along with causative microorganisms, sensitivity and resistant patterns to frequently used drugs were recorded. Results: Out of 111 patients, 61 (55%) were male. Early onset sepsis (EOS) was present in 37 (33%) patients and 74 (66%) had late onset sepsis (LOS). Serratia species 33 (29.7%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis 31 (27.9%) were the commonest causative bacteria responsible for neonatal sepsis. Commonly involved microorganisms were highly resistant to frequently used antibiotics like ampicillin /amoxicillin, cefixime, ceftazidime. Conclusion: Nosocomial sepsis is a major health issue in NICU while and resistance of pathogens to commonly used antibiotics is alarming.