Neonatal mortality and coverage of essential newborn interventions 2010 - 2013: a prospective, population-based study from low-middle income countries

Dhaded, Sangappa; Somannavar, Manjunath S; Vernekar, Sunil S; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Mwenche, Musaku; Derman, Richard J.; Moore, Janet; Patel, Archana; Pasha, Omrana; Esamai, Fabian; Garcés, Ana; Althabe, Fernando; Chomba, Elwyn; Liechty, Edward A.; Hambidge, K. Michael; Krebs, Nancy F.; Berrueta, Mabel; Ciganda, Álvaro; Hibberd, Patricia L.; Goldenberg, Robert L.; McClure, Elizabeth M; Koso‐Thomas, Marion; Manasyan, Albert; Carlo, Waldemar A.

doi:10.1186/1742-4755-12-s2-s6

Cited by 45 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…These findings are similar to other studies evaluating risk factors for neonatal mortality [1,17], although the contribution of prematurity to neonatal death is considerably higher than that reported in United Nations Millennium Development Goal Report 2015 [1] (42.3% vs. 35%). Birth weight is closely linked to gestational age in LBW neonates; the higher mortality with decreasing birth weight in the present study corresponds to increasingly premature neonates.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Factors Associated with Survival to Discharge of Newborns in a Middle-Income Country

Ballot¹,

Chirwa²

2016

Epidemiology of Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases - Attributes of Lifestyle and Nature on Humankind

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Clinical and mortality audit is an essential part of quality improvement in health care; information obtained in this process is used to develop targeted interventions to improve outcome. This study aimed to determine predictors of short-term survival in neonates. An existing neonatal database was reviewed. A total of 5018 neonates > 400 g admitted to a tertiary hospital (Johannesburg South Africa) between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2015 were analysed. Mean birth weight was 2148 g (standard deviation [SD]: 972) and mean gestational age was 34.2 weeks (SD: 4.8). Overall survival was 85.6% (4294/5018). The most common causes of death were prematurity (46.2%), hypoxia (19.5%) and infection (17.2). The strongest predictors of survival were birth weight (OR 1.0; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.0-1.01) and gestational age (OR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.05-1.17). Other predictors of survival included metabolic acidosis (OR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.09-0.20), hyperglycemia (OR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.23-0.41), mechanical ventilation (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.28-0.46), major birth defect (OR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.08-0.18), resuscitation at birth (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.31-0.49) and Caesarean section (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.44-2.25). In conclusion, resources need to be focused on improved care of VLBW infants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Factors Associated with Survival to Discharge of Newborns in a Middle-Income Country

Ballot¹,

Chirwa²

2016

Epidemiology of Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases - Attributes of Lifestyle and Nature on Humankind

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“…In low-middle income countries, most early neonatal deaths are caused by prematurity [8, 12, 16, 34]. Gestational age is an important factor of neonatal mortality, but the relation to hospital death in our study was not statistically significant in the multivariate analysis.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…In accordance with the international trend, child mortality has decreased significantly in Vietnam within the recent years (22/1000 live births in 2011), but reduction in neonatal mortality is lagging behind with a reported Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) of 12/1000 live births [9, 12, 14–22]. Among the reported deaths, the majority (63–78%) were related to prematurity, infection, and asphyxia in accordance with the global estimates [1–3, 5, 8, 11, 13, 23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Low Neonatal Mortality and High Incidence of Infectious Diseases in a Vietnamese Province Hospital

Kruse

et al. 2016

BioMed Research International

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Background. Neonatal deaths constitute the majority of child mortality in Vietnam, but studies are scarce and focus on community settings. Methods. During a 12-month period, all sick neonates admitted to a pediatric department in a province hospital were studied. Potential risk factors of death covering sociodemographic factors, pregnancy history, previous neonatal period, and status on admission were registered. The neonates were followed up until discharge or death or until 28 completed days of age if still hospitalized or until withdrawal of life support. The main outcome was neonatal death. Results. The neonatal mortality was 4.6% (50/1094). In a multivariate analysis, four associated risk factors of death were extremely low birth weight (OR = 22.9 (2.3–233.4)), no cry at birth (OR = 3.5 (1.3–9.4)), and cyanosis (OR = 3.3 (1.2–8.7)) and shock (OR = 12.3 (2.5–61.5)) on admission. The major discharge diagnoses were infection, prematurity, congenital malformations, and asphyxia in 88.5% (936/1058), 21.3% (225/1058), 5.0% (53/1058), and 4.6% (49/1058), respectively. In 36, a discharge diagnosis was not registered. Conclusion. Infection was the main cause of neonatal morbidity. Asphyxia and congenital malformations were diagnosed less frequently. The neonatal mortality was 4.6%. No sociodemographic factors were associated with death. Extreme low birth weight, no cry at birth, and cyanosis or shock at admission were associated with death.

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“…The Ethiopian government implemented the "Health Extension Program" to improve health care at the community level through transfer of knowledge and skill to the household. [1][2][3] According to the World Health Organization (WHO) findings on trends in child and maternal mortality, despite falling under-five mortality, there has been very little change in the neonatal mortality rate (NMR). The NMR fell from 36 per 1000 live births in 1990 to 19 in 2015, and the number of neonatal deaths declined from 5.1 million to 2.7 million.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The essential newborn care interventions have been applied to reduce under-five children deaths, but do not yet completely address the causes of the under-five children's deaths. 2,5,9 According to the Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey 2014, newborns who received postnatal care within the first two days of birth are only 12%. 10 The literature revealed that socioeconomic, demographic characteristics, good newborn care, and cultural practices were important determinants of neonatal mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Newborn Care Practices and Associated Factors Among Lactating Mothers at Home in the Rural Districts of Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia</p>

Alemu¹,

Eshete²

2020

PHMT

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Introduction: Globally, approximately three million neonates die in the first month of life. Neonatal mortality is a public problem in low and middle-income counties. Home-based good newborn care practice by lactating mothers is vital to improve newborns' health. In Ethiopia, home-based cultural newborn care practice among lactating mothers is very common, in contrast to standard essential newborn care practice. Thus, this study aimed to assess home-based newborn care practices among lactating mothers and associated factors in rural districts of Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia, in 2018. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural districts of Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. A single population formula was used to determine the sample size, and 834 lactating mothers were enrolled in the study. Multistage sampling techniques were used to select study participants. Data were collected using a pre-tested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS version 22 software (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA). To determine associated factors with good newborn care practice among lactating mothers, the odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used. Results: The level of good newborn care practice among lactating mothers at home was 24.1% with 95% CI: 2.5-9.7. The factors significantly associated were maternal education (adjusted OR=2.6; 95% CI: 1.8-3.9), maternal employment (adjusted OR=2.1; 95% CI: 1.4-3.1), pregnancy intention (adjusted OR=1.7, 95% CI: 1.2-2.2), antenatal care visit (adjusted OR=5.7, 95% CI 3.9-7.9), and birth interval (adjusted OR=1.9, 95% CI: 1.3-2.8). Conclusion: The level of good newborn care practices among lactating mothers at home was found to be low. Thus, advancing women's education and employment in the community, and providing quality prenatal care are suggested to scale up good newborn care practice among lactating mothers at home. Additionally, an observational study might be needed to identify further associated factors.

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Neonatal mortality and coverage of essential newborn interventions 2010 - 2013: a prospective, population-based study from low-middle income countries

Cited by 45 publications

References 23 publications

Factors Associated with Survival to Discharge of Newborns in a Middle-Income Country

Factors Associated with Survival to Discharge of Newborns in a Middle-Income Country

Low Neonatal Mortality and High Incidence of Infectious Diseases in a Vietnamese Province Hospital

<p>Newborn Care Practices and Associated Factors Among Lactating Mothers at Home in the Rural Districts of Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia</p>

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