Neonatal Methadone Withdrawal

Carin, Imelda; Glass, Leonard; Parekh, Aruna; Solomon, Nathan A.; Steigman, Joseph; Sl, Wong

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1983.02140380026008

Cited by 36 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Based on thorough social and drug history including types of drugs used and data obtained from self-reporting addicted mothers, these newborns were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and observed by experienced staff to detect symptoms of withdrawal, initiate treatment before more severe encephalopathy supervened, and collect urine for toxicology screening. We used Finnegan's scoring system, and pharmacotherapy with phenobarbital was introduced when the average of 3 scores was 8 or more 32,33. Sarkar and Donn report that the management of NAS widely varies with inconsistent policies to determine its presence and treatment 34.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal and Neonatal Effects of Substance Abuse during Pregnancy: Our Ten-year Experience

Vučinović¹,

Roje

Vucinovic

et al. 2008

Yonsei Med J

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PurposeThe aim of the study was to assess perinatal outcome of pregnancy burdened with maternal addiction in comparison with an unselected population from a European transition country.Materials and MethodsData on pregnancies complicated by illicit drug abuse (n = 85) managed during a 10-year period (1997 - 2007) at Split University Hospital were analyzed. Data on the type of drug, course of gestation and labor, and on perinatal outcome were considered. Data on all non-dependence pregnancies recorded during the study period were used as a control group.ResultsDuring the study period, there were 85 dependence-complicated pregnancies (0.2%). Use of heroin alone during pregnancy was recorded in 51 women (50%), methadone alone in 6 (7%), and a combination of heroin and methadone in 9 (11%). Premature delivery was significantly more common in the group of pregnant addicts (21% vs. 6%); 49% of pregnant addicts were carriers of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and 14% of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Neonatal abstinence syndrome developed in 61 infants (7%) born to addicted mothers. There were 4 cases (4.6%) of early neonatal death; 7 neonates had 5-minute Apgar score ≤ 7 (8%); 29 neonates had low birth weight for age (33%); and 7 neonates had congenital anomalies (8%). The risk of various congenital anomalies was 3-fold in the group of children born to addicted mothers.ConclusionAddiction pregnancies present a small but high-risk group according to perinatal outcome. Appropriate obstetric and neonatal care can reduce the rate of complications in these pregnancies and improve perinatal outcome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal and Neonatal Effects of Substance Abuse during Pregnancy: Our Ten-year Experience

Vučinović¹,

Roje

Vucinovic

et al. 2008

Yonsei Med J

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“…128 In a randomly assigned clinical trial, however, no difference in efficacy between phenobarbital and paregoric was demonstrated. 129 Paregoric-treated infants required a significantly longer period of treatment than phenobarbital-treated infants (17 days vs. 22 days), perhaps attributable to phenobarbital's longer half life.…”

Section: Neonatal Withdrawal Syndrome and Neurobehavioral Effectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fetal Alcohol and Drug Effects

Chiriboga¹

2003

The Neurologist

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Most adverse effects of prenatal drug exposure are self-limited, with catch-up growth and resolution of withdrawal and of prior neurobehavioral abnormalities noted over time. The exception is alcohol, which is linked to life-long impairments (i.e., mental retardation and microcephaly) and possibly cigarette-related behavioral effects. The absence of tangible evidence of detrimental long-term cocaine effects may reflect limitations in the methodology used to identify children at greatest risk for adverse outcome.

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“…The database search returned 2149 citations after removing duplicates, of which 18 studies met all the inclusion criteria (N = 1072) (eAppendix 3 in the Supplement). Studies ranged in size from 25 to 139 participants with a median sample size of 54 (interquartile range, 42.5) (Table).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process was conducted by using tables of trial characteristics and visualizations (Table; eAppendix 4 in the Supplement). We planned to explore differences quantitatively, but no nodes had sufficient data for a meta-regression to be feasible. We planned to formally assess inconsistencies, which are the statistical manifestation of intransitivity, using unrelated mean-effects models.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%