Neonatal meningitis in England and Wales: a review of routine national data

Synnott, M; Morse, Dale L.; Hall, Susan

doi:10.1136/fn.71.2.f75

Cited by 49 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The mortality of late-onset neonatal listeriosis is lower (10 to 20%), but like early-onset neonatal listeriosis, it may have sequelae such as hydrocephalus or psychomotor retardation (173). L. monocytogenes is one of the three principal causes of bacterial meningitis in neonates (391,554,594,645).…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

ListeriaPathogenesis and Molecular Virulence Determinants

et al. 2001

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The gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of listeriosis, a highly fatal opportunistic foodborne infection. Pregnant women, neonates, the elderly, and debilitated or immunocompromised patients in general are predominantly affected, although the disease can also develop in normal individuals. Clinical manifestations of invasive listeriosis are usually severe and include abortion, sepsis, and meningoencephalitis. Listeriosis can also manifest as a febrile gastroenteritis syndrome. In addition to humans, L. monocytogenes affects many vertebrate species, including birds. Listeria ivanovii, a second pathogenic species of the genus, is specific for ruminants. Our current view of the pathophysiology of listeriosis derives largely from studies with the mouse infection model. Pathogenic listeriae enter the host primarily through the intestine. The liver is thought to be their first target organ after intestinal translocation. In the liver, listeriae actively multiply until the infection is controlled by a cell-mediated immune response. This initial, subclinical step of listeriosis is thought to be common due to the frequent presence of pathogenic L. monocytogenes in food. In normal indivuals, the continual exposure to listerial antigens probably contributes to the maintenance of anti-Listeria memory T cells. However, in debilitated and immunocompromised patients, the unrestricted proliferation of listeriae in the liver may result in prolonged low-level bacteremia, leading to invasion of the preferred secondary target organs (the brain and the gravid uterus) and to overt clinical disease. L. monocytogenes and L. ivanovii are facultative intracellular parasites able to survive in macrophages and to invade a variety of normally nonphagocytic cells, such as epithelial cells, hepatocytes, and endothelial cells. In all these cell types, pathogenic listeriae go through an intracellular life cycle involving early escape from the phagocytic vacuole, rapid intracytoplasmic multiplication, bacterially induced actin-based motility, and direct spread to neighboring cells, in which they reinitiate the cycle. In this way, listeriae disseminate in host tissues sheltered from the humoral arm of the immune system. Over the last 15 years, a number of virulence factors involved in key steps of this intracellular life cycle have been identified. This review describes in detail the molecular determinants of Listeria virulence and their mechanism of action and summarizes the current knowledge on the pathophysiology of listeriosis and the cell biology and host cell responses to Listeria infection. This article provides an updated perspective of the development of our understanding of Listeria pathogenesis from the first molecular genetic analyses of virulence mechanisms reported in 1985 until the start of the genomic era of Listeria research

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Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

ListeriaPathogenesis and Molecular Virulence Determinants

et al. 2001

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“…Our case report describes a long and complicated course [18] after intrauterine infection with Listeria monocytogenes. The rhombencephalitis resulted in the postinflammatory formation of an intramedullary cyst and a trapped IV ventricle although appropriate antibiotic treatment was started immediately on diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common route appears to be by consumption of infected dairy products, especially milk or highly aromatic so-called red-smear cheeses or, more rarely, of raw vegetables or meat [8]. Intrauterine infection of the fetus can occur via transplacental transmission [17,18].We report the case of a now 10-year-old child who survived intrauterine infection with postinflammatory hydrocephalus and the development of an intramedullary cyst and a trapped IV ventricle. …”

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Intramedullary brain stem cyst and trapped IV ventricle after infection with Listeria monocytogenes

Madlinger

Krauss

1998

Child's Nervous System

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We present the rare case of a girl surviving intrauterine listeria brain stem meningoencephalitis, who subsequently developed hydrocephalus, a trapped IV ventricle and an intramedullary cyst. Such cases have been reported only infrequently, and in earlier cases modern imaging studies were not available. Magnetic resonance imaging has been helpful in our patient to delineate the lesions and plan further treatment.

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“…Os relatos da incidência de meningite neonatal variam de 0,14 a 0,17 para 1000 nascidos vivos a termo de maneira endêmica 17,19,20 . Num estudo retrospectivo de 10 anos sobre meningites neonatais, a prevalência em 1000 nascidos vivos foi de 3,66 nos prematuros e de 0,97 nos nascidos termo 21 . Neste estudo, das 32 meningites neonatais, 25 ocorreram em neomortos prematuros e 7 em neomortos a termo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

A neuropatologia no período neonatal: análise de 1616 casos de necropsia

Noronha

Medeiros

Martins

et al. 2001

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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RESUMO -As lesões do sistema nervoso central, resultantes da vulnerabilidade do encéfalo às condições adversas durante a gestação e após o nascimento, representam uma importante causa de morbimortalidade no período neonatal. Este estudo visa analisar a prevalência e os padrões das lesões neuropatológicas em neomortos do Hospital de Clínicas de Curitiba. Utilizou-se como fonte de dados o Banco de Necropsia da Unidade de Patologia Perinatal e Pediátrica do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná -Curitiba, que registra 5743 necropsias realizadas entre os anos de 1960 e 1995. Foram selecionados 2049 casos correspondentes aos laudos de necropsia dos neomortos, os quais foram classificados segundo a faixa etária e o padrão de lesão neuropatológica. Caracterizou-se lesão neuropatológica em 1616 casos (78,87%), observando-se maior prevalência das hemorragias intracranianas (73,39%), malformações congênitas (4,27%) e infecções (3,59%). As hemorragias hipóxicas representaram a lesão neuropatológica mais freqüente entre os neomortos, especialmente entre os prematuros. Houve diferença na prevalência quanto ao gênero apenas nas malformações, que foram mais comuns no sexo feminino.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: recém-nascido, sistema nervoso central, necropsia. The neuropathology of neonatal period: analysis of 1616 autopsiesABSTRACT -The lesions of the central nervous system represent an important cause of morbid-mortality in the neonatal period. This is due to the vulnerability of the brain to several adverse conditions during gestation and after birth. This study analyses the prevalence and pattern of central nervous system lesions in neonates autopsied at Hospital de Clínicas -Curitiba. There were 5743 pediatric autopsies performed in the Sector of Anatomic Pathology from 1960 to 1995 with 2049 cases corresponding to death during neonatal period. These later autopsies were reviewed and all cases with central nervous system lesions were selected and classified according to sex, age and pattern of central nervous system lesion. The central nervous system was affected in 1616 (78,87%) of neonatal autopsies and there was predominance of intracerebral hemorrhages (73,39%), congenital malformations (4,27%) and infections (3,59%). The hypoxic hemorrhages are the most prevalent central nervous system lesions in the neonatal period, affecting mainly premature babies. There was predominance of central nervous system malformations in the female neonates.

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Neonatal meningitis in England and Wales: a review of routine national data

Abstract: The objective of this study was

Cited by 49 publications

References 21 publications

ListeriaPathogenesis and Molecular Virulence Determinants

ListeriaPathogenesis and Molecular Virulence Determinants

Intramedullary brain stem cyst and trapped IV ventricle after infection with Listeria monocytogenes

A neuropatologia no período neonatal: análise de 1616 casos de necropsia

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