Neonatal Laryngotracheal Anomalies

Abstract

Respiratory distress in the neonate is one of the most common reasons for referral to a tertiary NICU, accounting for more than 20% of admissions. (1) The cause of respiratory distress can range from parenchymal lung disease to anomalies of any portion of the neonatal airway including the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, or bronchi. This review will focus on airway anomalies at or immediately below the level of the larynx. Although rare, those with such congenital or acquired laryngotracheal anomalies often require urgent evaluation and surgical intervention. This review describes 1) the pathophysiology associated with congenital and acquired laryngotracheal deformities in the neonate, 2) the clinical presentation and diagnostic evaluation of these anomalies, and 3) the current medical and surgical strategies available in the NICU and after discharge.

Challenges in the Treatment of Laryngeal Cyst in a Baby Less than 2 Months Old: A Clinical Case Report

“…Cysts are difficult to diagnose because they are found in patients with non-specific symptoms. Congenital laryngeal cysts are one of the causes of stridor in newborn or early infancy, which may be accompanied by difficulty breathing, hoarseness, weak crying, feeding difficulties, and cyanosis [12,15,17]. The most common sites where cysts occur are the vocal folds, epiglottis, and vallecula [14].…”

Perfil nutricional e alimentar dos idosos e suas condições de saúde

“…Portanto, é importante iniciar uma avaliação otorrinolaringológica assim que o estridor laríngeo for detectado, com uma história clínica detalhada, bem como exames físicos e complementares para esclarecimento diagnóstico e auxílio na excisão cirúrgica da lesão.Os cistos são difíceis de diagnosticar porque são encontrados em pacientes com sintomas não específicos. Os cistos laríngeos congênitos são uma das causas de estridor em recémnascidos ou na primeira infância, podendo ser acompanhados por dificuldade respiratória, rouquidão, choro fraco, dificuldades na alimentação e cianose(GALLANT et al, 2022;ROSAS et al, 2019;AKSOY et al, 2013). Os locais mais comuns onde os cistos ocorrem são as pregas vocais, epiglote e valécula (PROWSE e KNIGHT, 2012).…”