Neonatal invasive pneumococcal disease: New Zealand experience in the era of pneumococcal vaccination

Mount, Vicki; Burton, Cameron; Jackson, Catherine; Heffernan, Helen; Best, Emma

doi:10.1111/ajo.12512

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Nevertheless, despite evidence of PCV indirect effects on very young unvaccinated infants, 30 many such infants will remain at risk of IPD due to nonvaccine serotypes. 3,52 The difference found in number of serotypes by mode of delivery may be owing to the higher number of participants delivered vaginally compared with cesarean delivery (1722 vs 260, after excluding nasopharyngeal swab samples owing to insufficient volume, sample loss, or labeling errors), which may lend itself to a greater number of serotypes being detected in swab samples from vaginally born infants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Pneumococcal Nasopharyngeal Carriage in Very Young Fijian Infants Born by Vaginal or Cesarean Delivery

et al. 2019

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Key PointsQuestionIs pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage associated with mode of delivery in Fijian infants aged 5 to 8 weeks?FindingsIn this cross-sectional study, pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage prevalence, density, and serotype range were higher in infants delivered vaginally vs cesarean delivery. After adjustment, vaginal delivery was positively associated with pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage.MeaningThese findings may be owing to differential exposure to the vaginal microbiota during delivery and the association of intrapartum antibiotics with the infant microbiome, and raises the hypothesis of vertical transmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Pneumococcal Nasopharyngeal Carriage in Very Young Fijian Infants Born by Vaginal or Cesarean Delivery

et al. 2019

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Early-Onset Neonatal Pneumococcal Infection

Alsubaie¹

2019

Infect Dis Clin Pract

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Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) is a major cause of morbidity in childhood but has accounted for only a few reported cases of early-onset neonatal sepsis. Over the past decade, there have been increasing reports of early-onset neonatal sepsis due to SP associated with fulminant systemic disease and high mortality rates. Simultaneous maternal and neonatal sepsis with SP is relatively unusual. The literature reports rare cases of vaginal carriage and/or endometritis with this organism resulting in neonatal sepsis. We present a case of neonatal pneumococcal serotype 1 sepsis and cellulitis occurring concurrently with puerperal pneumococcal bacteremia. A male neonate was born at 38 weeks' gestation after a normal pregnancy. Although he was administered the appropriate antibiotics, the baby developed nape cellulitis and sepsis on the second day of life with SP that progressed to abscess formation requiring surgical drainage. The mother simultaneously developed pneumococcal bacteremia and endometritis 2 hours after delivery. Blood culture isolates from the mother and child were both serogroup 1. Transmission to the neonate may have been ascending or hematogenous. In addition, we summarize the neonate and maternal characteristics, clinical courses, and outcomes of published case reports of early-onset neonatal pneumococcal sepsis in the peer-reviewed literature. Our case highlights the need to consider SP as a cause of neonatal sepsis that can mimic early-onset group B streptococcal infection. Recognition of resistant strains in cases of bacteremia and meningitis is critical, and should be considered in choice of antibiotic therapy. Enhanced surveillance for the maternal carriage of SP and invasive pneumococcal disease during the neonatal period would help to define the epidemiology.

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Congenital infections of the respiratory tract

Primhak¹,

Myttaraki²,

Whittaker³

2021

Respiratory Diseases of the Newborn Infant

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Neonatal invasive pneumococcal disease: New Zealand experience in the era of pneumococcal vaccination

Abstract: Strategies such as maternal vaccination or accelerated neonatal vaccination may be beneficial to protect neonates at high risk of IPD.

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

A Comparison of Pneumococcal Nasopharyngeal Carriage in Very Young Fijian Infants Born by Vaginal or Cesarean Delivery

A Comparison of Pneumococcal Nasopharyngeal Carriage in Very Young Fijian Infants Born by Vaginal or Cesarean Delivery

Early-Onset Neonatal Pneumococcal Infection

Congenital infections of the respiratory tract

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