Neonatal Infectious Diseases

Camacho-González, Andrés; Spearman, Paul; Stoll, Barbara J.

doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2012.12.003

Cited by 350 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…[3] CRP was first described in the 1930's and since then multiple studies have shown elevation of the CRP in several infectious and non-infectious etiologies that share a common background of inflammation or tissue injury. [4] Presepsin (sCD14 st) is a trunked portion of soluble CD14, released by shedding from the surface of many immune cells, such as macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils, after being stimulated by pathogens. Presepsin has recently been described as a reliable diagnostic and prognostic marker of sepsis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Presepsin as an Early Reliable Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker of Neonatal Sepsis.

Sabry¹,

Elfeky²,

Elsadek³

et al. 2016

IJAR

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Background:-Sepsis is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among neonates, and current biomarkers for diagnosis are not adequate. The objective of the study was to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of presepsin.Methods:-One hundred and twenty neonates were enrolled in the study; 80 cases and 40 controls. Presepsin and CRP levels were measured during 1st, 2nd& 6th days of admission for cases while were measured once for each control.Results:-Initial presepsin levels were significantly higher in group produced neonatal sepsis than in the non-septic group. At a cut off value ≥ 0.722 µg/L, Presepsin sensitivity for prediction of neonatal sepsis was 100 %, specificity 97.5%, positive predictive value (PPV) 98.7%, negative predictive value (NPV) 100%, area under curve (AUC) 0.99 with high sensitive positive correlation with sepsis (P value < 0.001). At a cut off value < 2.3 µg/L, Its prognostic sensitivity was 75.9%, specificity 72.5%, PPV 61.1, NPV 84.1 and AUC 0.76. Conclusion:-Presepsin sensitivity for early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis was 100 % with specificity 97.5%. Presepsin is an accurate biomarker for early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. It also provides a useful tool for prediction of improving.Copy Right, IJAR, 2016,. All rights reserved.

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confidence: 99%

Presepsin as an Early Reliable Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker of Neonatal Sepsis.

Sabry¹,

Elfeky²,

Elsadek³

et al. 2016

IJAR

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“…treptococcus agalactiae, usually termed group B streptococcus (GBS), is one of the most important causes of early-onset neonatal infection (1,2). The incidence of neonatal GBS infection ranges from 0.80 to 3.06 per 1,000 live births in developing countries (1).…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the New Brilliance GBS Chromogenic Medium for Screening of Streptococcus agalactiae Vaginal Colonization in Pregnant Women

et al. 2014

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Three commercial chromogenic agar media were evaluated for Streptococcus agalactiae screening in 200 vaginal swabs from pregnant women. The sensitivity and specificity were 94.3% and 100% for Granada medium (bioMérieux), 100% and 90.3% for Brilliance GBS medium (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and 100% and 98.8% for ChromID STRB medium (bioMérieux), respectively. Streptococcus agalactiae, usually termed group B streptococcus (GBS), is one of the most important causes of early-onset neonatal infection (1, 2). The incidence of neonatal GBS infection ranges from 0.80 to 3.06 per 1,000 live births in developing countries (1). Guidelines recommend screening vaginal or rectovaginal GBS colonization in pregnant women at 35 to 37 weeks of gestation (3, 4). The prevalence of rectovaginal colonization varies from 6.5 to 36% in European countries (5). For pregnant women colonized by GBS, intrapartum administration of antibiotics is recommended to prevent GBS transmission to the newborn during delivery (3, 4).The performance of microbiological methods for GBS screening has been greatly improved by the use of selective chromogenic media (6-9), together with rapid bacterial identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) (10). The overnight broth preenrichment step, recommended in some countries (3, 4), increases the sensitivity of the GBS screening (8, 11), mostly in cases of low bacterial loads (11,12). Enriched and direct cultures were shown to have similar performances (9), although failure to perform direct culture can decrease sensitivity due to overgrowth of competing organisms in enrichment broth (13). Finally, nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), notably those including the extraction step, reduce the delay in results and could be used at the admission of pregnant women in active labor in order to administer adequate antibiotic prophylaxis (14, 15). NAATs offer similar performances compared to direct selective culture (16), but controversial results were reported after comparison with enriched culture (7,9,17,18). Recent guidelines advised the use of NAATs in selected circumstances, such as for term gestation women with unknown colonization status and no risk factors (3, 4).The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the new Brilliance GBS chromogenic medium (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Dardilly, France) for the detection of S. agalactiae compared to those of two commercially available chromogenic media selective for this bacterium, ChromID STRB and Granada media (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France).From February to April 2013, 760 vaginal swabs (ESwab 480CE; Copan, Brescia, Italy) from pregnant women were sent to the microbiology department of the University Hospital of SaintEtienne, France. The routine screening of GBS in pregnant women was performed by direct culture following French recommendations (19). Approximately 50 l of ESwab medium was deposited on Granada medium by using the swab and spread with a sterile loop. Plates were incubated...

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“…Sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in NBs, despite advances in intensive care 23,24 . It is believed that the severity of the clinical evolution of sepsis is due to several factors, such as prematurity and varying degrees of defi ciencies in the innate and adaptive immune responses [25][26][27] , which affect the interaction between the host and the infectious agent with, consequently, an impact on the cascade of events comprising the immune response.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the clinical development of a newborn with gastroschisis in an intensive care unit in latin america

Redondo¹,

Feferbaum

Vieira

et al. 2016

J. Hum. Growth Dev.

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Introduction: Congenital malformations are major diseases observed at birth. They are the second most common cause of death in the neonatal population, the fi rst one being prematurity.Objective: To characterise the clinical outcome of newborns with gastroschisis (GS) in a neonatal intensive care unit. Methods:A retrospective observational clinical study in 50 infants with GS using the association of intestinal abnormalities, impossibility of primary closure of the abdominal defect and reoperation necessity as classifi cation criteria for the disease. The signifi cance level was p < 0.05. Results:The hospitalisation to primary surgery occurred with a median age of 2 hours. Fourteen percent of children were subjected to a primary silo interposition and 24% had associated intestinal malformation. Nineteen newborns (NB) required more than one surgery. The median length of stay was 33 days, higher in patients with complex GS (56 days). All NB recovered from urine output 48 hours after surgery and 40% had hyponatraemia and oligoanuria in this period. There was no difference between the natraemia and fasting time (p = 0.79). Weight gain was similar in both groups with total parenteral nutrition and became signifi cantly higher in patients with simple GS after enteral feeding (p = 0.0046). These NB evolved 2.4 times less cholestasis. Late-onset sepsis occurred in 58% of patients and was related to the infection of the central venous catheter in 37.9% of cases. Mortality was higher in infants infected with complex GS and the overall mortality rate was 14%. Conclusion:Clinical characterisation of newborns with gastroschisis depends on the complexity and the knowledge and conduct of morbidities to reduce mortality.Key words: gastroschisis, new-born, mortality, total parenteral nutrition, renal insuffi ciency, infection. INTRODUCTIONCongenital malformations are major diseases observed at birth. In the United States, a prevalence of about 3% 1 is cited. In Brazil, a study at the Fernandez Figueira Institute in Rio de Janeiro found that the prevalence was similar, i.e. 2.7% among live newborns (NB) and 6.7% among stillbirths. Among the causes of death, neonatal malformations are the second most common reason, the fi rst one being prematurity 2 .Gastroschisis (GS) is a congenital malformation of the abdominal wall that has increased in prevalence worldwide; its causes have not been fully elucidated 3 . In the 1960s, the prevalence of this disease was 1:50,000 live births. However, Kirby et al. 4 - -Characteristics of the clinical development of a newborn with gastroschisis in an intensive care unit in latin america J Hum Growth Dev. 2016; 26(2): 190-198 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.119266 temporal increase of 2.23 per 10,000 live births to 4.42 per 10,000 Regarding the defi nition of live births. The current prevalence in South America is 2.9:10,000 5 . This disease is characterised by a defect in abdominal wall closure with herniation of the intestines and other abdominal organs into the amniotic cavity. ...

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Neonatal Infectious Diseases

Cited by 350 publications

References 137 publications

Presepsin as an Early Reliable Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker of Neonatal Sepsis.

Presepsin as an Early Reliable Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker of Neonatal Sepsis.

Evaluation of the New Brilliance GBS Chromogenic Medium for Screening of Streptococcus agalactiae Vaginal Colonization in Pregnant Women

Characteristics of the clinical development of a newborn with gastroschisis in an intensive care unit in latin america

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