Neonatal infections due to multi-resistant strains: Epidemiology, current treatment, emerging therapeutic approaches and prevention

Características microbiológicas y terapéuticas de la sepsis neonatal confirmada en un hospital de Lima, Perú

“…En general, en la sepsis precoz considerar cobertura para GBS y Gram negativos, y en la tardía para Staphylococcus spp., pero lo que definirá la elección del antibiótico es el patrón de resistencia local y los agentes infecciosos que se aíslan con más frecuencia. De este modo, el tratamiento antibiótico en la sepsis neonatal resulta un desafío debido a la resistencia bacteriana emergente (23,24) , el fracaso terapéutico (25) , el costo económico asociado (26) , los efectos adversos (21,27) , y la elección del tratamiento empírico acorde a la vigilancia epidemiológica local.…”

The current and future roles of neonatal infection surveillance programmes in combating antimicrobial resistance

“…As such, many clinicians have a low threshold for initiating antibiotic therapy, especially given the serious consequences if left untreated [2]. This tendency is reinforced by the fact that culture results take on average 15 h to be returned and frequently produce false negatives [8].…”

“…Early-onset sepsis (EOS) is variably defined as occurring before 48 or 72 h of life and is the result of vertical transmission of pathogens from the mother during labour or delivery [2]. It typically presents as a fulminant, systemic illness and in resource-rich countries is predominately caused by Group B Streptococci (GBS) and Escherichia coli [2]. Late-onset sepsis (LOS) (N48 or 72 h) is generally acquired via horizontal transmission of pathogens from the environment.…”

“…This classification system guides first-line empiric antibiotic therapy as clinical presentations are typically non-specific and it is necessary to initiate treatment before a positive culture result is available [1]. Early-onset sepsis (EOS) is variably defined as occurring before 48 or 72 h of life and is the result of vertical transmission of pathogens from the mother during labour or delivery [2]. It typically presents as a fulminant, systemic illness and in resource-rich countries is predominately caused by Group B Streptococci (GBS) and Escherichia coli [2].…”

“…Infection remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality [2]. In addition, neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are common sites for the acquisition of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens which may not be susceptible to first-line treatment regimens [1].…”