Neonatal handling alters feeding behavior of adult rats

Silveira, Patrícia Pelufo; Portella, André Krumel; Clemente, Zaira; Bassani, E; Tabajara, Angela Sampaio; Gamaro, Giovana Duzzo; Dantas, Giovana; Torres, Iraci Lucena da Silva; Lucion, Aldo Bolten; Dalmaz, Carla

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2003.12.009

Cited by 44 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…Exposure to a high fat diet further exacerbates the metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities in these animals (8). In our previous studies in rats (11,12), we demonstrated that early life experience affects sweet food intake later in life. These findings would indicate that adverse perinatal events in humans could affect an individual's voluntary food choices for palatable foods, influencing the risk for metabolic diseases in adult life.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

Severe Intrauterine Growth Restriction Is Associated With Higher Spontaneous Carbohydrate Intake in Young Women

Barbieri¹,

Portella

Silveira

et al. 2009

Pediatr Res

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Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with metabolic disorders in adulthood. In rats, an early adverse environment alters food preferences in adult life. We investigated whether IUGR is associated with spontaneous macronutrient preferences in humans. Two thousand sixty-three participants from a Brazilian birth cohort were evaluated at 24 y of age using a food frequency questionnaire, physical examination, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical assays (glucose, insulin, cholesterol, and triglycerides). IUGR was defined by the birth weight ratio (BWR ϭ birth weight/mean weight for gestational age). Individuals were classified as non growth restricted (BWR Ն0.85), moderately growth restricted (0.85 Ͼ BWR Ն 0.75), and severely growth restricted (BWR Ͻ0.75). Severe IUGR women consumed a greater carbohydrate to protein ratio, even after controlling for social variables. There was a continuous association between growth restriction and later carbohydrate to protein ratio consumption in women. Women from both IUGR groups had a larger waist to hip ratio (WHR). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was comparable between the groups. IUGR women preferred carbohydrates to protein in their regular diet, suggesting that spontaneous food choices may precede the appearance and contribute to the risk for metabolic diseases in this group. (Pediatr Res 65: 215-220, 2009) S tudies have shown that low birth weight, a marker for adverse fetal conditions, is associated with metabolic disorders in adulthood, predicting insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (1), hypertension (2), obesity (3) and cardiovascular disease (4), especially in cases where there is evidence of postnatal body weight catch-up during childhood. Thus, feeding patterns and accelerated weight gain during the postnatal period are crucial mediators of the risk for subsequent obesity, cardiovascular disease (5), and insulin resistance (6).The developing organism may use the maternal intrauterine environment's hormonal milieu as a signal to indicate conditions that will exist in the postnatal environment (7) to favor the adaptation to the environment in which it will develop. Therefore, for a fetus reared in a stressful environment with possible shortage of nutrients, metabolic and neurochemical patterns would be adjusted very early during development favoring energy storage for the individual's survival.Studies in animals propose that altered eating and exercise behaviors precede the development of obesity and insulin resistance (8 -10). Exposure to a high fat diet further exacerbates the metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities in these animals (8). In our previous studies in rats (11,12), we demonstrated that early life experience affects sweet food intake later in life. These findings would indicate that adverse perinatal events in humans could affect an individual's voluntary food choices for palatable foods, influencing the risk for metabolic diseases in adult life. We tested this hypothesis in a birth cohort followed to adulthood i...

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mentioning

confidence: 78%

Severe Intrauterine Growth Restriction Is Associated With Higher Spontaneous Carbohydrate Intake in Young Women

Barbieri¹,

Portella

Silveira

et al. 2009

Pediatr Res

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“…Eighty-three rats were used in the different experiments, derived from 25 different litters. The number of animals used was estimated from previous experiments (9,16), in which neonatally handled rats eat approximately 60% more palatable food than controls. Considering the SD of 0.6 g drawn from these studies, using a significance level of 5%, and power of 80%, we came to the number of cages we had to evaluate consumption.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the handled group, this procedure was carried out as described previously (9). The dam was gently pulled to one side of the cage, and the pups were removed from their home cage and placed into a clean cage lined with clean paper towels.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Could Preference for Palatable Foods in Neonatally Handled Rats Alter Metabolic Patterns in Adult Life?

et al. 2007

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ABSTRACT:Previous studies indicate that, in adulthood, neonatally handled rats consume more sweet food than nonhandled rats. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of the chronic exposure to a palatable diet (chocolate) in adult neonatally handled rats. We measured the consumption of foods (standard lab chow and chocolate), body weight gain, abdominal fat deposition, and levels of plasma lipids, glucose, insulin, and corticosterone in adult neonatally handled (10 min/d, first 10 d of life) and nonhandled rats. We found an increased intake of chocolate in handled rats, but this consumption decreased over time. Handled male animals exhibited higher body weight, higher caloric efficiency, and lower triglyceride levels. Nonhandled females that were exposed long-term to the highly caloric diet had increased abdominal fat deposition compared with handled females. Overall female rats had increased abdominal fat deposition, higher total cholesterol and glucose levels, and lower insulin in comparison with males. Interestingly, chocolate consumption diminished the weight of the adrenal glands in both handled and nonhandled animals. These findings suggest that neonatal handling induces a particular metabolic pattern that is sex specific. M other-infant interactions have an important influence on the programming of both behavioral (1,2) and metabolic patterns (2,3) in the offspring, which can last into adulthood. In mammals, the mother is the main environmental stimulus and provider for the infant, and maternal care has profound, long-lasting intergenerational effects in rats (4,5) and humans (6).Some experimental approaches have been developed to study this interaction. One of them is neonatal handling, a brief, repeated, and apparently innocuous separation from the mother in the neonatal period. Neonatal handling modulates the development of the hypothalamopituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) axis and is associated in adulthood with decreased stress reactivity (7,8) and increased ingestion of palatable food (9).Glucocorticoids are implicated in the development of eating disorders (10,11); they modulate in part the salience of palatable food intake and influence abdominal fat distribution (12).In addition, chronic glucocorticoid exposure is associated with several features of metabolic syndrome (13-15). Because neonatal handling leads to a differential functioning of the HPA axis and also affects feeding behavior, it is possible that these rats may exhibit special adaptations in the face of specific challenges, such as long-term exposure to a hyperpalatable diet.The aim of this study was to verify the effects of a long-term exposure during adulthood to a highly palatable, highly caloric diet (chocolate) in neonatally handled rats. Food consumption, body weight, and abdominal fat distribution were measured. Blood plasma was assayed for glycemia, plasma insulin, lipids, and corticosterone levels. Our hypothesis was that neonatal handling is associated with a differential pattern of feeding and weight gain and possibl...

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“…The results presented here showed a reduction in the total kidney wet weight and also in the kidney weight/body weight relation that is probably not related to a decrease in body weight, considering that there were no statistical differences when both groups were compared. Previous studies have shown that neonatal handling did not significantly influence the body weight [19][20][21] and the kidney weight either [19] , however, one previous study [22] demonstrated higher body weights in the handled animals. The results of low kidney weight would indicate a structural change, for instance fewer nephrons, although this hypothesis was not confirmed by the morphological analyses (no difference in the number of renal glomeruli).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Neonatal Handling Reduces Renal Function in Adult Rats

Donadio

Jacobs²,

Corezola³

et al. 2009

Kidney Blood Press Res

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Background/Aims: To evaluate the effects of neonatal handling on hydroelectrolytic balance in adult rats. Methods: The litters were divided into two groups: nonhandled and handled. The procedure consisted of handling the pups for 1 min/day in the first 10 days postnatally. When adults, animals had their body weight verified and were housed in individual metabolic cages. After a 24-hour period, urine samples were collected and the urinary and water intake volumes measured. Blood samples to determine osmolality, aldosterone, corticosterone, angiotensin II, creatinine, urea, sodium and potassium levels were collected. The kidneys were removed for histological assessment. Urinary osmolality, sodium, urea and creatinine were also measured and the creatinine clearance (CC) calculated. Results: No difference between groups was found in the body weight. Handled animals showed a reduction in the total kidney wet weight, water intake, urinary volume, CC, plasma angiotensin II, corticosterone and aldosterone when compared to the nonhandled and an increase in the urinary osmolality and sodium excretion fraction. No differences in serum potassium and no evidence of structural changes were demonstrated by histological analysis. Conclusion: Neonatal handling induced long-lasting effects decreasing renal function without evidence of kidney structural changes.

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Neonatal handling alters feeding behavior of adult rats

Cited by 44 publications

References 41 publications

Severe Intrauterine Growth Restriction Is Associated With Higher Spontaneous Carbohydrate Intake in Young Women

Severe Intrauterine Growth Restriction Is Associated With Higher Spontaneous Carbohydrate Intake in Young Women

Could Preference for Palatable Foods in Neonatally Handled Rats Alter Metabolic Patterns in Adult Life?

Neonatal Handling Reduces Renal Function in Adult Rats

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