Neonatal Deaths Among Infants of Diabetic Mothers

Driscoll, Shirley G.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1960.04020040820004

Cited by 156 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Whereas decreased fetal brain weights have been previously reported in diabetic pregnancy (10,14), our results do not support these findings. Fetal cerebrum and cerebellum weights were found to be similar in diabetic and control guinea pigs, when comparisons were made at the same time of gestation, in animals with similar fetal weights.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Decreased fetal brain weight in diabetic pregnancies has also been reported by Driscoll et ul. (10) suggesting that maternal diabetes may interfere with fetal brain development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Decreased fetal brain weight in diabetic pregnancies has also been reported by Driscoll et ul. (10) suggesting that maternal diabetes may interfere with fetal brain development.In a recent study, a decreased placental transfer of amino acids to the fetus was found in diabetic guinea pigs (22). Consequently, diabetic pregnancy has been proposed as a new model of fetal malnutrition (23).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fetal Brain Development in Diabetic Guinea Pigs

Saintonge

Côté

1984

Pediatr Res

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SummaryFetal brain development was investigated near term in guinea pigs rendered diabetic with streptozotocin. The liver and the placenta were used as reference organs. Compared to controls, those fetuses from diabetic animals had normal cerebrum and cerebellum weights, but higher liver and placenta weights in relation to fetal weights. Although liver and placenta cell number (DNA content) was unchanged, it was significantly increased in the fetal cerebrum and cerebellum of diabetics. Although the tissue protein concentration was decreased in the liver and the placenta, it was unchanged and even increased in the cerebrum and cerebellum, respectively. The concentration of myelin (cerebroside-sulfatide) was unchanged in the cerebrum, but it was increased in the cerebellum of diabetic animals.These data suggest that diabetes has a growth-promoting effect on the fetal brain cell number. Furthermore, differences in the protein content between fetal organs may reflect abnormalities in protein metabolism which do not affect the brain during diabetic pregnancies.Textbooks of pediatrics and neonatology have repeatedly reported low brain weights in relation to body weights in macrosomic babies of diabetic mothers (2, 1 1, 24, 27). Gruenwald (1 4) has reported that the rate of growth of human fetal brain is diminished in diabetic pregnancies past 30 weeks of gestation. Decreased fetal brain weight in diabetic pregnancies has also been reported by Driscoll et ul. (10) suggesting that maternal diabetes may interfere with fetal brain development.In a recent study, a decreased placental transfer of amino acids to the fetus was found in diabetic guinea pigs (22). Consequently, diabetic pregnancy has been proposed as a new model of fetal malnutrition (23). While it has been shown that those parameters such as brain weight, cell number, protein content, and myelination were affected in situations of fetal malnutrition (3,6,12,29,30) these characteristics of fetal brain development have not been investigated in diabetic pregnancies.The goal of this study was to investigate fetal brain development during diabetic pregnancies, with regard to cerebral and cerebellar DNA, protein content, and myelination (cerebrosidesulfatide content). In order to detect any specific effects of diabetes on brain development, other organs such as the liver and placenta were also examined. The guinea pig was selected as the model in view of its brain maturity at birth which approaches the human situation more than other species (1,5,8,9).Female guinea pigs of the Hartley strain were fed a standard diet (guinea pig chow, Ralston Purina), with free access to water, and were maintained under normal laboratory conditions. Because insulin-induced hypoglycemia potentiates the diabetogenic activity of streptozotocin in this species (4,15,20), the animals were given streptozotocin (1 50 mg/kg) IV (diabetic animals) or an equivalent amount of a saline solution (control animals) 90 min after one IV injection of 15 units of crystalline insulin.After mating, day 1...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Decreased fetal brain weight in diabetic pregnancies has also been reported by Driscoll et ul. (10) suggesting that maternal diabetes may interfere with fetal brain development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fetal Brain Development in Diabetic Guinea Pigs

Saintonge

Côté

1984

Pediatr Res

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“…It was associated with glycogen infiltration in the cardiac muscle, later also described by Driscol 12 . Incidence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in IDMs is unknown, but it is estimated that 10 to 20% of IDMs with cardiopulmonary symptoms may have this condition 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Regression of gestational diabetes induced cardiomegaly in offspring of diabetic rat

et al. 2009

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Purpose:To compare body weight and length, heart weight and length, heart-to-body weight ratio, glycemia, and morphometric cellular data of offspring of diabetic rats (ODR) and of normal rats (control). Methods: Diabetes was induced in 3 pregnant Wistar rats, bearing 30 rats, on the 11th day after conception by intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin. Six normal pregnant Wistar rats, bearing 50 rats, made up the control group. Morphometric data were obtained using a scale for the weight, length, heart and body measurements. Morphometric cellular data were obtained by a computer assisted method applied to the measurements of myocytes. Statistical analysis utilized Student's t-test, ANOVA and Levene test. Results: Control offspring had greater mean body weight and length than offspring of diabetic rats (p < 0.001). Heart weight and length and heart-to-body ratios of newborn rats differed between groups at birth (p < 0.001), but showed no difference at 21 days. Mean nuclei area and perimetric value of the myocytes decrees throughout the first 21 days of life (p < 0.01) in the diabetic group. Conclusions: Heart hypertrophy on the offspring of diabetic rats at birth was demonstrated by the significant difference between the groups. After the eleventh day, no difference was found, which confirmed regression of cardiomegaly. The significant difference between the first and the 21th day of life, for nuclei area feature, demonstrate regression of cardiac hypertrophy in the offspring of diabetic rats. Key words: Diabetes, Gestational. Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic. Rats. RESUMO Objetivo:Comparar as medidas cardíacas e a morfometria celular miocárdica dos filhotes de ratas diabéticas (FRD) com filhotes de ratas normais (FRN). Métodos: Foram estudados 30 filhotes de 3 ratas Wistar com diabetes gestacional induzido por 50mg/kg de estreptozotocina, no 11° dia após a concepção. O grupo controle foi de 50 filhotes de 6 ratas Wistar normais. As medidas de comprimento, peso corporal e peso cardíaco foram realizadas com paquímetro e balança e as medidas celulares por analisador computadorizado de imagem. A análise estatística usou o Teste t de Student, ANOVA e teste de Levene. Resultados: A média de peso e comprimento dos filhotes, desde o nascimento até os 21 dias de vida, foi significativamente maior (p<0,001) no grupo dos FRN. O peso, tamanho cardíaco e a proporção cardíaca dos FRD, ao nascimento, foi, significativamente, maior (p<0,001), regredindo ao longo dos 21 dias de vida. Os FRD apresentaram uma regressão significativa da área e perímetro nuclear (p<0,01) do nascimento aos 21 dias de vida, o mesmo não ocorrendo no grupo controle. Conclusões: Os FRD apresentaram, ao nascimento, maior tamanho cardíaco, maior peso cardíaco e maior proporção peso cardíaco-peso corporal do que FRN, havendo igualdade estatística entre os dois grupos a partir do 11° dia de vida. Houve diferença significativa entre o nascimento e o 21 o dia de vida nas medidas celulares demonstrando regressão da hipertrofia miocárdica nos...

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“…However, the numbers are too small for statistical analysis. However, the increased frequency of congenital malformations was not fully recognized until the second half of this century, when a number of authors (White, 1949;Koller, 1953;Reid, 1956;Driscoll, Benirschke and Curtis, 1960) drew attention to this finding in the offspring of diabetic mothers. On the other hand, some authors found no such increased frequency (Given, Douglas and Tolstoi, 1950;Reis, De Costa and Allweiss, 1950;Cardell, 1953;Farquhar, 1959).…”

Section: Control Of Maternal Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital Malformations in Infants of Diabetic Mothers

1976

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine

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Neonatal Deaths Among Infants of Diabetic Mothers

Cited by 156 publications

References 42 publications

Fetal Brain Development in Diabetic Guinea Pigs

Fetal Brain Development in Diabetic Guinea Pigs

Regression of gestational diabetes induced cardiomegaly in offspring of diabetic rat

Congenital Malformations in Infants of Diabetic Mothers

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