Neonatal Death From Pigmented Coliform Infection

Urmenyi, A.M.C.; Franklin, Alex

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(61)91481-7

Cited by 151 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The accurate determination of the occurrence of Cronobacter species is also greatly influenced by the low sensitivity and specificity of the detection methods for this genus. However, improvements have been made in the detection and identification methods that would aid in the accurate estimation of Cronobacter contamination 63 . These contributions will assist in the development of a reasonable risk assessment and consequent control of Cronobacter.…”

Section: Disease Caused By Cronobacter Sakazakiimentioning

confidence: 99%

Cronobacter sakazakii (Enterobacter sakazakii): An Emerging Foodborne Pathogen

Fakruddin¹,

Rahaman²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2013

Int J of Biomed & Adv Res

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Cronobacter sakazakii (Enterobacter sakazakii) is an emerging pathogen that causes necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, and meningitis. This bacterium is opportunistic pathogen and is linked with life-threatening infections in neonates and elderly persons. It is considered as ubiquitous organism and can be found in a broad range of foods & food ingredients and in water, in a variety of areas, including hospitals and houses though outbreaks most commonly associated with the ingestion of contaminated powdered infant formula (PIF). International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods has ranked C. sakazakii a “severe hazard for restricted populations.” It poses high tolerance to environmental stresses such as osmotic stress, elevated temperature etc. and decontamination processes and has broad antibiotic resistance and resistance to bile salts and disinfectants. Cronobacter sakazakii may survive in macrophage cells and efficiently attach to and invade epithelial cell lines, produce exopolysaccharide, form biofilm and has active efflux pumps. Controlling the organism in the production environment, thereby reducing dissemination, necessitates the provision of suitable diagnostic tools. Appropriate measures by parents, food and infant formula manufacturers, and health care providers, as well as understanding of the pathogenesis, are important in the prevention of C. sakazakii-related infections.

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Section: Disease Caused By Cronobacter Sakazakiimentioning

confidence: 99%

Cronobacter sakazakii (Enterobacter sakazakii): An Emerging Foodborne Pathogen

Fakruddin¹,

Rahaman²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2013

Int J of Biomed & Adv Res

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“…2 -4 The first cases of neonatal meningitis believed to have been caused by E. sakazakii were reported in 1961. 5 Since that time, there…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterobacter Sakazakii: An Emerging Problem in Paediatric Nutrition

et al. 2008

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Recently there has been considerable concern related to the presence of bacteria, in particular Enterobacter sakazakii, in powdered infant formula milk. E. sakazakii, a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae, is an emerging opportunistic pathogen that has been associated with cases of meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis in premature and full-term infants. Feeding with powdered infant formula has been epidemiologically implicated in several clinical cases. Powdered infant formula is not a sterile product; good hygienic practice is, therefore, necessary in its reconstitution to reduce the risk of infection. The ingestion of raised numbers of E. sakazakii resulting from storage at room temperature after reconstitution is highlighted as well as the uncertain routes of E. sakazakii product contamination.

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“…It has been recognized as an emerging opportunistic pathogen. The fi rst cases of illness attributed to this organism occurred in 1958 in England (Urmenyi and Franklin, 1961). Cronobacter spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ubiquitous Cronobacter spp. is considered as remarkably resistant to dryness, osmotic stress and moderately thermotolerant, accompanying contamination in a wide range of sources such as clinical specimens (Urmenyi and Franklin, 1961), foods (Iversen and Forsythe, 2003;Kandhai et al, 2004), and environmental sources (Friedemann, 2007;Jaradat et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of Cronobacter spp. from environmental and food resources

Putthana¹,

Marounek²,

Břeňová³

et al. 2012

Agricultura Tropica Et Subtropica

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Cronobacter spp. (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) has been isolated from a wide range of environmental and several food sources. Cronobacter spp. is an opportunistic pathogen causing serious infection in infants, particularly neonates. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize Cronobacter spp. from food sources (infant food, herbs and spices and vegetables) and from environmental sources as dust from vacuum cleaners. Isolation of Cronobacter spp. was performed on selective chromogenic agars, fi rstly using commercial ESIA agar and thereafter on Kim and Rhee-KR agar described in the literature. Phenotypic characteristics were obtained by commercial miniaturized biochemical ENTEROTEST 24 kits and the fi nal confi rmation of isolated strains was performed by molecular techniques (PCR, PCR -DGGE analysis, and 16S rDNA sequencing). Altogether, 99 samples were analyzed (47 samples of foods and 52 samples of dust). In total, 43 isolates of presumptive Cronobacter spp. were initially identifi ed, however, only 22 isolates (51%) were identifi ed as Cronobacter spp. with high identity scores (75-99%). The occurrence of presumptive cronobacters in environmental samples was signifi cantly higher than in samples of food (18 out of 52 vs. 4 out of 47; P = 0.003). No cronobacters were found in 17 samples of infant food, 3 isolates originated from herbs and spices, 1 isolate from spinach and 18 isolates from samples of dust (households, restaurants, dormitory rooms). It can be concluded that Cronobacter spp. is a ubiquitous pathogen contaminating food and environment. Cronobacter spp. could be well identifi ed by means of ENTERO24 test kits with high probability. Both phenotypic and genotypic methodology could be used for identifi cation of Cronobacter spp. and they can be combined for reliable identifi cation.

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Neonatal Death From Pigmented Coliform Infection

Cited by 151 publications

References 8 publications

Cronobacter sakazakii (Enterobacter sakazakii): An Emerging Foodborne Pathogen

Cronobacter sakazakii (Enterobacter sakazakii): An Emerging Foodborne Pathogen

Enterobacter Sakazakii: An Emerging Problem in Paediatric Nutrition

Isolation and characterization of Cronobacter spp. from environmental and food resources

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