Neonatal cerebral infarction

Miller, Van S.

doi:10.1053/spen.2000.20076

Cited by 80 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…There is no prior record of how much they account for epilepsy, but they do cause epilepsy in paediatric age group. In contrast to stroke in adults and older children, neonatal stroke often presents clinically with seizures but not with focal neurological deficiencies [26]. Children can present stroke at any age.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging in Pediatric Epilepsy: Spectrum of Abnormalities Detected on Mri

Chaurasia¹,

Singh²,

Mahur³

et al. 2013

jemds

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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate role of radio-imaging, with emphasis on MRI in comparison to other modalities, in patients of paediatric age group presenting with epilepsy and correlate it with clinical findings in Bundelkhand region. METHODS: Prospective data was obtained from evaluation of patients presenting with epilepsy in paediatric OPD and IPD, between 2010 and 2012. A total of 271 patients presenting with epilepsy (> 2 episodes of seizures) were included. CBC, Chest X-ray and CSF analysis were also performed for clinical evaluation as per need. Neurosonogram was done in 41 children below age of 1year (15.1%), Head CT was obtained in 167 (61.7%), MRI in all cases. EEG was done in all cases, except in 5 cases of trauma. Epilepsy provoked by causes such as fever, electrolyte imbalance and dehydration were excluded. RESULTS: We observed that generalized seizures were more common presentation, followed by partial seizures, mostly complex. Majority had more than 2 episodes of seizures at the time of presentation. MRI revealed positive findings in 191 cases (70.4%) and CT in 64 cases (38.3%) of 167 done. MRI had positive findings in 35 cases (34

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging in Pediatric Epilepsy: Spectrum of Abnormalities Detected on Mri

Chaurasia¹,

Singh²,

Mahur³

et al. 2013

jemds

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“…7 The causes of neonatal stroke often remain obscure, 2,8 although many reasons for neonatal infarctions have been reported. 2,9 Ischemic stroke in neonates often presents clinically with seizures but not with focal neurological deficits such as hemiparesis. This was the case in both patients described in this report.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 In contrast to stroke in adults and older children, neonatal stroke often presents clinically with seizures but not with focal neurological deficiencies. 2 Diagnosis in the acute state may be difficult to establish because ultrasound, CT, and conventional MRI have a limited ability to visualize infarcted brain parenchyma. Diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI has had a great impact on the diagnosis of acute infarctions in adults 3 because it can reliably detect intracellular edema, 4 the hallmark of cerebral ischemic damage.…”

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confidence: 99%

Neonatal Cerebral Infarction Diagnosed by Diffusion-Weighted MRI

Mader

Schöning

Klose

et al. 2002

Stroke

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Background — Seizures in the neonatal period may be the single symptom of acute ischemic cerebral infarction. It may be difficult to establish the diagnosis in the acute phase by the use of ultrasound, CT, and conventional MRI because of the high water content of the immature brain. Diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI is a very sensitive and fast imaging modality to visualize acute ischemic stroke in infants even before conventional MR images become abnormal. Signal abnormality in DW MRI, however, seems to follow a different time course than in older patients. Case Description — DW MRI became falsely negative 1 week after stroke (pseudonormalization) in 2 newborn patients during persistence of signal abnormalities on turbo spin-echo images, whereas the so-called pseudonormalization in adults normally occurs within 10 to 14 days. Conclusions — T2-weighted sequences should supplement DW images to reliably detect subacute ischemic infarctions in the neonatal period.

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“…Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the perinatal period (Del Toro et al 1991;Miller 2000;Ferriero 2001;Lauterbach et al 2001). Even though several strategies such as magnesium or hypothermia have been investigated, no effective therapy is currently available (Vannucci 1990;Wagner et al 1999;Fawke and McIntyre 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Erythropoietin-induced Brain Protection in Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia Rat Model

Sun

Zhou

Polk

et al. 2004

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

105

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Summary: Erythropoietin, a hemotopoietic growth factor, has brain protective actions. This study investigated the mechanisms of Recombinant Human EPO (rhEPO)-induced brain protection in neonates. An established rat hypoxia-ischemia model was used by ligation of the right common carotid artery of 7-day-old pups, followed by 90 minute of hypoxia (8% 0 2 and 92% N 2 ) at 37°C. Animals were divided into three groups: control, hypoxia-ischemia, and hypoxia-ischemia plus rhEPO treatment. In rhEPO treated pups, 300 units rhEPO was administered intraperitoneally 24 hours before hypoxia. rhEPO treatment (300 units) was administered daily for an additional 2 days. ELISA and immunohistochemistry examined the expression of EPO and EPOR. Brain weight, morphology, TUNEL assay, and DNA laddering evaluated brain protection. rhEPO abolished mortality (from 19% to 0%) during hypoxia insult, increased brain weight from 52% to 88%, reduced DNA fragmentation, and decreased TUNEL-positive cells. Real-time RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry revealed an enhanced expression of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) in ischemic brain hemisphere. Double labeling of TUNEL with HSP27 showed most HSP27 positive cells were negative to TUNEL staining. rhEPO reduces brain injury, especially apoptotic cell death after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia, partially mediated by the activation of HSP27. Key Words: apoptosisbrain injury-heat shock protein-RT-PCR.

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Neonatal cerebral infarction

Cited by 80 publications

References 52 publications

Imaging in Pediatric Epilepsy: Spectrum of Abnormalities Detected on Mri

Imaging in Pediatric Epilepsy: Spectrum of Abnormalities Detected on Mri

Neonatal Cerebral Infarction Diagnosed by Diffusion-Weighted MRI

Mechanisms of Erythropoietin-induced Brain Protection in Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia Rat Model

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