Neonatal Brucellosis and Breast Milk

Ceylan, Abdullah; Köstü, Murat; Tuncer, Oğuz; Peker, Erdal; Kırımi, Ercan

doi:10.1007/s12098-011-0581-z

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Congenital transmission of brucellosis was reported from Argentina [18, 28] in an infant whose parents were livestock farmers. Transmission by breast milk has already been described [29–31]. Now, future studies are needed to determine the share of brucellosis on neonatal mortality in Pakistan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucellosis in pregnant women from Pakistan: an observational study

et al. 2016

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Background: Brucella species occasionally cause spontaneous human abortion. Brucella can be transmitted commonly through the ingestion of raw milk or milk products. The objective of this study was to determine the sero-prevalence of and to identify potential risk factors for brucellosis in pregnant women from Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Gynecology Outdoor Patient department of the Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from March to June 2013. Data related to potential risk factors and clinical history was collected by individual interviews on the blood sampling day. The 429 serum samples collected were initially screened by Rose Bengal Plate Agglutination test for the detection of Brucella antibodies. We applied standard descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses. Results: Twenty five (5.8 %; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 3.8 % -8.5 %) serum samples were found to be seropositive. Brucellosis-related clinical symptoms were recorded in various seropositive cases. Animal contact, raw milk consumption, having an abortion history and the experience of an intrauterine fetal death were associated with seropositivity for brucellosis in univariate analyses (all p <0.05). In multiple logistic regression models only the contact with animals remained as independent and robust risk factor (odds ratio 5.21; 95 % CI: 1.88-13.75; p = 0.001) for seropositivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucellosis in pregnant women from Pakistan: an observational study

et al. 2016

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“…The disease is harbored mainly in domesticated animal reservoirs, although transmission through wild animals has also been known to occur, and persistence in the environment remains a concern (Pappas, 2010). While rare, human-to-human transmission has been documented through close contact, such as sexual transmission and from mother to child transmission (Ceylan et al, 2012). The most virulent species in human infection is B. melitensis , followed by Brucella suis , B. abortus , and B. canis (Pappas et al, 2005; Pei et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol-induced brucellosis increases TLR-2 expression and increased complexity in the microanatomy of astroglia in rhesus macaques

Lee

Chiu

Sansing

et al. 2013

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Brucella melitensis, a bacterial pathogen and agent of epizootic abortion causes multiple pathologies in humans as well as a number of agriculturally important animal species. Clinical human brucellosis manifests as a non-specific, chronic debilitating disease characterized by undulant fever, arthropathies, cardiomyopathies and neurological sequelae. These symptoms can occur acutely for a few weeks or persist for months to years. Within the brain, endothelial and glial cells can be infected leading to downstream activation events including matrix metalloprotease (MMP) and cytokine secretion and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling. These events are likely to lead to tissue remodeling, including morphologic changes in neuronal and glial cells, which are linked to neurological complications including depressive behavior, immune activation and memory loss. Our hypothesis was that B. melitensis infection and neurobrucellosis would lead to activation of astrocytes through upregulation of TLR2 and stimulate concurrent changes in the microanatomy. All six animals were infected via inhalation route. TLR2 expression was approximately doubled in white matter astrocytes of infected rhesus macaques. There was also a 50% increase in the number of astrocytes per unit area in subcortical white matter tracts suggesting increased innate immune activation. This coincided with dramatic increases in the length and complexity of the cell arbor of hypertrophic astrocytes in both cortical gray and white matter. Thus, aerosol-induced brucellosis results in dramatically increased innate immune activation of astrocytes in the absence of widespread neuroinflammation.

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“…Among reported forms of transmission we found breastfeeding and more exotic forms, such as bone marrow transplantation and aerosolization of the involved bacterium . In this review, 61% of patients were infants, reported as HHT by vertical transmission or during breastfeeding . Of the 47 patients, the transplacental route ranked as the most common form of HHT (with 11 total patients).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Human‐to‐human transmission of Brucella – a systematic review

Tuon

Gondolfo

Cerchiari

2017

Tropical Med Int Health

121

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Abstractobjective The most common form of transmitting human brucellosis is through contaminated food or direct contact with infected animals. Human-to-human transmission (HHT) has been described as isolated case reports. The aim of this systematic review was to describe all cases of HHT of human brucellosis reported in the medical literature.methods A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus and Scielo databases using specific search terms published until March 2016. Two investigators independently determined study eligibility.All clinical data were evaluated to construct a table comprising the most important clinical aspects, age, gender, confirmed infection and detection method, transmission method and HHT confirmation and potential source of infection for human transmission. No statistical method was employed in this study.results The initial search resulted in 615 publications, but only 35 were included. 45 brucellosis HHT cases were identified. 61% of patients who acquired brucellosis from another human were <1 year old (newborn and breastfeeding). Other cases include sexual transmission, blood transfusion, bone marrow transplantation and aerosol from an infected patient. Most patients (40/45) presented symptoms upon diagnosis. Diagnostic tests included culture, molecular methods and serum testing.conclusion Human brucellosis is a disease liable to transmission between humans by placental barrier, lactation, sexual and tissues such as blood and bone marrow. The indication for screening in tissue banks, transplants, blood and pregnancy is not yet established.

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Neonatal Brucellosis and Breast Milk

Cited by 23 publications

References 14 publications

Brucellosis in pregnant women from Pakistan: an observational study

Brucellosis in pregnant women from Pakistan: an observational study

Aerosol-induced brucellosis increases TLR-2 expression and increased complexity in the microanatomy of astroglia in rhesus macaques

Human‐to‐human transmission of Brucella – a systematic review

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