Neonatal bloodstream infections

Hadfield, Brandon R.; Cantey, Joseph B.

doi:10.1097/qco.0000000000000764

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Fifteen million premature infants are born every year, and more than one million of them die from diseases caused by the prematurity itself ( 49 ). Infection is one of the most common adverse events in hospitalized newborns, which poses a threat to all newborns ( 50 – 52 ). The most common infections affecting LOS-NICU in our study included sepsis, NEC, and pneumonia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for length of NICU stay of newborns: A systematic review

Song

et al. 2023

Front. Pediatr.

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BackgroundThe improvement in survival of preterm infants is accompanied by an increase in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions. Prolonged length of stay in the NICU (LOS-NICU) increases the incidence of neonatal complications and even mortality and places a significant economic burden on families and strain on healthcare systems. This review aims to identify risk factors influencing LOS-NICU of newborns and to provide a basis for interventions to shorten LOS-NICU and avoid prolonged LOS-NICU.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane library for studies that were published in English from January 1994 to October 2022. The PRISMA guidelines were followed in all phases of this systematic review. The Quality in Prognostic Studies (QUIPS) tool was used to assess methodological quality.ResultsTwenty-three studies were included, 5 of which were of high quality and 18 of moderate quality, with no low-quality literature. The studies reported 58 possible risk factors in six broad categories (inherent factors; antenatal treatment and maternal factors; diseases and adverse conditions of the newborn; treatment of the newborn; clinical scores and laboratory indicators; organizational factors).ConclusionsWe identified several of the most critical risk factors affecting LOS-NICU, including birth weight, gestational age, sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and retinopathy of prematurity. As only a few high-quality studies are available at present, well-designed and more extensive prospective studies investigating the risk factors affecting LOS-NICU are still needed in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for length of NICU stay of newborns: A systematic review

Song

et al. 2023

Front. Pediatr.

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“…Bloodstream infections play an important role in neonatal morbidity and mortality and are a leading cause of long-term sequelae [ 1 , 2 ]. Early-onset sepsis (EOS) is defined as the presence of bacteremia or meningitis in the first 72 h of life in neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and in the first 7 days of life in full-term newborns [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early and Late Onset Neonatal Sepsis: Epidemiology and Effectiveness of Empirical Antibacterial Therapy in a III Level Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

et al. 2022

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Bloodstream infections play an important role in neonatal morbidity and mortality. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed etiology and antibiotic resistance profiles of bacteria isolated from blood or Cerebro Spinal Fluid (CSF) cultures to evaluate the appropriateness of initial empirical therapy of neonatal sepsis. Methods: microbiological data from patients admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), from January 2005 to October 2018, were anonymously extracted from the Laboratory of Microbiology database. According to the neonatal sepsis definition for patients admitted to NICU, positive cultures obtained within the first 72 h of life were labeled as Early Onset Sepsis (EOS); and Late Onset Sepsis (LOS) for those obtained later. Results: 859 bacterial strains, 846 from blood and 13 from CSF, were detected in 611 neonates. In EOS, 75 blood cultures were found: 61 yielded Gram-positives and 14 Gram-negatives. Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) represented the majority (52% n = 39). Streptococcus agalactiae and Escherichia coli were both isolated in 8% (n = 6) of cases. 784 strains were isolated in LOS: 686 (87%) Gram-positives and 98 (13%) Gram-negatives. CoNS represented most pathogens (n = 560, 71.4%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (n = 57, 7.3%) and Enterococcus faecalis (n = 33, 4.2%). Ampicillin/gentamicin therapy resulted effective in 15/20 (75%) of EOS isolates. Internal protocol for LOS initial empirical therapy, calling for piperacillin/tazobactam and vancomycin resulted effective in 98.5% (734/745) of LOS strains. Conclusions: knowledge of local epidemiology of resistant pathogens, both in EOS and LOS, is fundamental to set up an effective empirical therapy in NICU. Aminoglycosides were fundamental in EOS. On the other side, LOS empirical therapy with vancomycin is sustained by the observation of 38% of methicillin resistance among S. aureus and about 95% in CoNS.

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“…As infecções de corrente sanguínea (ICS) são consideradas as infecções mais graves em unidades pediátricas de terapia intensiva, apresentando altas taxas de mortalidade (Hadfield;Cantey, 2021). A sepse neonatal é a terceira principal causa de morte de recém-nascidos (RN), estando apenas atrás da prematuridade e de complicações relacionadas ao parto (Liu et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Prevalência De Bactérias Multirresistentes Em Hemoculturas De Recém-Nascidos Do Hospital Universitário De Florianópolis-Sc

Michelon,

PATIA

2024

Anais Do IV Congresso Nacional De Microbiologia Clínica on-Line

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Neonatal bloodstream infections

Cited by 8 publications

References 61 publications

Risk factors for length of NICU stay of newborns: A systematic review

Risk factors for length of NICU stay of newborns: A systematic review

Early and Late Onset Neonatal Sepsis: Epidemiology and Effectiveness of Empirical Antibacterial Therapy in a III Level Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Prevalência De Bactérias Multirresistentes Em Hemoculturas De Recém-Nascidos Do Hospital Universitário De Florianópolis-Sc

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