Neonatal blood tests to exclude caesarean section as a cause of maternal-fetal transmission of hepatitis C

Giorlandino, Claudio; Gambuzza, Giovanni; D'alessio, Paolo; Morgani, AnnaRita

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)92755-7

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…The lower frequency of IDU mothers who breast-fed their infants would obviously go toward the null hypothesis if breast-feeding plays a role in HCV transmission. As for the controversial issue of vaginal versus cesarean section delivery, our data confirm the prior findings of no difference in transmission rates for infants delivered by either method [1,3,5,10,11,14]. However, because of the low number of elective cesarean deliveries (per- formed only in HIV-1-positive mothers), we could not draw a definite conclusion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Maternal Drug Use Is a Preeminent Risk Factor for Mother‐to‐Child Hepatitis C Virus Transmission: Results from a Multicenter Study of 1372 Mother‐Infant Pairs

et al. 2002

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This prospective multicenter study evaluated separately the significance of maternal injection drug use (IDU) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coinfection in vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV). In all, 1372 consecutive, unselected HCV antibody-positive mothers and their infants were studied. Maternal HIV-1 coinfection (crude odds ratios [OR], 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-1.66; P =.007) and IDU (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.37-1.78; P <.00001) were linked to mother-to-child HCV transmission in unadjusted analysis when all anti-HCV-positive mothers were evaluated. When only HCV RNA-positive mothers were evaluated, maternal IDU, but not maternal HIV-1 coinfection, was significantly associated with mother-to-child HCV transmission. Multivariable analysis confirmed the link between maternal IDU and HCV transmission (adjusted OR [AOR], 1.51; 95% CI, 1.19-1.92; P =.0006), but no association was found with HIV-1 coinfection (AOR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.73-1.33; P =.93). IDU, but not HIV-1 coinfection, seems to be a preeminent risk factor for vertical HCV transmission.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Maternal Drug Use Is a Preeminent Risk Factor for Mother‐to‐Child Hepatitis C Virus Transmission: Results from a Multicenter Study of 1372 Mother‐Infant Pairs

et al. 2002

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Hepatitisinfektionen des Neugeborenen

Schneider¹,

Wirth²

1998

Infektionserkrankungen Der Schwangeren Und Des Neugeborenen

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Use of polymerase chain reaction and antibody tests in the diagnosis of vertically transmitted hepatitis C virus infection

Thomas

Newell²,

Cs³

et al. 1997

Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.

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Data on patterns of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antibody test results in infants born to hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected mothers were systematically reviewed to aid development of optimum testing schedules and diagnostic criteria for vertically exposed infants and to facilitate early identification of infected infants. Survival and cross-sectional analyses were used to estimate the timing of initial PCR positivity and subsequent PCR negativity in infected infants, and maternal antibody loss in uninfected infants was estimated as a weighted average of individual study findings. Of 74 eligible infants with strong evidence of HCV infection, an estimated 89% (90% confidence interval, 80-95%) were first PCR positive by 3 months of age, and less than 10% had subsequent PCR negativity attributable to intermittent viraemia or resolved infection in the first 18 months of life. The negative predictive value of PCR at 3 months of age was greater than 98% at an assumed rate of 5% vertical transmission, but as low as 88% at 25% transmission. The inclusion of 22 infants, each with a single PCR-positive result, increased the estimated frequency of resolved infections but made little difference to other estimates. A minority of PCR-positive infants had periods of antibody negativity by second- or third-generation assays, and among 297 uninfected infants, maternal antibody was not detected beyond 18 months. Thus, the majority of infected infants may be persistently PCR positive from 3 months of age, and the negative predictive value of PCR at 3 months is generally high. However, poor repeatability of PCR, inadequate infant follow-up, and inclusion of postnatally infected infants limits interpretation of the pooled data. Further studies using standardised PCR methodologies are needed.

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Neonatal blood tests to exclude caesarean section as a cause of maternal-fetal transmission of hepatitis C

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Maternal Drug Use Is a Preeminent Risk Factor for Mother‐to‐Child Hepatitis C Virus Transmission: Results from a Multicenter Study of 1372 Mother‐Infant Pairs

Maternal Drug Use Is a Preeminent Risk Factor for Mother‐to‐Child Hepatitis C Virus Transmission: Results from a Multicenter Study of 1372 Mother‐Infant Pairs

Hepatitisinfektionen des Neugeborenen

Use of polymerase chain reaction and antibody tests in the diagnosis of vertically transmitted hepatitis C virus infection

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