Neonatal blood stream infections in tertiary referral hospitals in Kurdistan, Iran

Abstract

BackgroundBloodstream infection (BSI) is one of the most common causes of nosocomial infection in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). The aim of the present study was to determine bacterial agents and their susceptibility patterns to antibiotics and to investigate the risk factors associated with BSI.MethodsThis was a nested case–control study carried out from September 2009 to June 2010 in the NICU wards in Sanandaj hospitals western Iran. Cases were patients with BSI and controls were other patients who had negative blood culture. Bacteriologic diagnosis and antibiotic susceptibility pattern was performed based on the Edward & Ewings and the National Committee of Clinical Laboratory (NCCL) Standards.ResultsOf 472 patients who hospitalized in NICU, 6.4% had BSI (n = 30) including 17girls (56.7%) and 13 boys (43.3%). Enterobacter SPP was the predominant isolated bacteria from blood culture (36.7%). The maximum antibiotic resistance and sensitivity were observed by Tetracycline and Ciprofloxacin respectively. Risk factors associated with BSI were age ≤ 7 days (p = 0.001), previous antibiotic consumption (p = 0.013), and low birth weight (LBW), (p = 0.001).ConclusionsGram negative bacteria and Entrobacter in particular are the most common pathogens. Improving prenatal health care, standards of infection control and choosing accurate antibiotics are recommended to avoid BSI in neonatal intensive care units.

Neonatal septicemia in tertiary hospitals in Konya, Turkey

“…Of note, PROM, active resuscitation required in labor room, TPN and MV were significant risk factors for early sepsis, but not for late sepsis. The most important neonatal factor predisposing to neonatal sepsis is prematurity and LBW [3]. Low birth weight and prematurity were major risk factors for early and late sepsis in our study.…”

“…Its prevalence rate in the present study was 2.7 per 1000 live births (94/30545) of 9.3 per 1000 neonatal admissions (94/10133). Nikkhoo et al [3] have reported a prevalence rate of 6.4% for sepsis. The prevalence of sepsis in their study was twice that of ours.…”

“…The frequency of neonatal sepsis, risk factors, and resistance against antimicrobial agents may be different in each unit [2]. Causative microorganisms differ from one group to the other and can vary over time even in the same clinical setting [3]. Recently, the most frequently reported causative organisms for neonatal sepsis are gram-positive bacteria followed by gramnegative bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli.…”

Healthcare-associated infections including neonatal bloodstream infections in a leading tertiary hospital in Botswana

“…Concomitant with this, we also sought to specifically assess the current prevalence of neonatal bloodstream infections (BSIs) and current antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates within the hospital to help target future intervention programs if BSIs are a concern. This is also a priority area across countries with up to ten million neonates worldwide dying within 5 days of birth, and most of these in LMICs due to BSIs [32,33]. Overall, up to 71% of neonates are prone to BSIs during intensive care, with neonatal infections contributing substantially to the morbidity and mortality of infants [34][35][36].…”

Changing Trends in Bacterial Spectrum of Neonatal Sepsis at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital - 2011 to 2015

“…(4,5) The spectrum of bacteria causing neonatal sepsis in the developing world is biased towards gram negative organisms as compared to the developed world where most of the cases involve group B streptococcus, E. coli and Listeria monocytogenes. (6,7,8,9) Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli are the most common organisms causing neonatal sepsis both in-hospital and in-community settings in India followed by Acinetobacter species and Pseudomonas species. (2,5,10) The infants who survive the episode of neonatal sepsis are vulnerable to short-and long-term neurodevelopmental morbidity.…”