Neonanatal Jaundice: A Mini-Review

Abstract

Neonatal jaundice is a condition that occurs within the first week of life as a result of excessive accumulation of a bile pigment called bilirubin in the body. It occurs as a usual process in 65-70% of the new-born. However, it may occur due to lack of breastmilk feeding, extreme dehydration or due to some genetic disorders, metabolism disorders, gland malfunction or liver diseases. Sometimes neonatal jaundice can cause complications and even lead to death, if not treated at time. It is important to determine whether the infant's jaundice is physiological or pathological and then treated accordingly. So, the study aims to review the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of neonatal jaundice addressing complexities that have arisen with new technologies. It also discusses the medical and nursing management guidelines regarding the prevention and care of the neonates and their families with jaundice. and highly nutritious containing 90% water, 4% lipid, 1% lactose, 1% lactoferrin, 1% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), vitamins, and minerals (iron, zinc, calcium, sodium, chloride, magnesium, and selenium) [5]. It is a rich source of Bifidus factor, lymphocytes, macrophages, IgA, IgM, and certain immune system constituents. It also releases oxytocin, thereby improving the bond between mother and child [6]. Therefore, breast milk should be feed exclusively for six months in infants.