Neogene uplift and tectonics around the North Atlantic: overview

Japsen, Peter; Chalmers, James A.

doi:10.1016/s0921-8181(00)00006-0

Cited by 229 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Chalmers & Cloetingh, 2000;Japsen & Chalmers, 2000), occurring contemporaneously with increased subsidence and sedimentation in adjacent basins, has been established (Cloetingh et al, 1990. Throughout much of the southern North Sea basin margin the base of the Miocene is marked by a hiatus, thought to result from a combination of tectonic activity related to the mid-to late Miocene Savian Alpine phase and eustatic sea-level fall caused by the increased volumes of polar ice caps, particularly in Antarctica.…”

Section: Neogenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Uplift of Fennoscandia, coupled with a marked deterioration in climate, led to a major increase in sediment supply to the south-eastern embayment of the North Sea via the Baltic River (Overeem et al, 2001), although sediment did not reach the southern North Sea until the Late Miocene (Knox et al, 2010;Rasmussen & Dybkjaer, 2014;Thöle et al, 2014). The South Swedish Dome also appears to have undergone relative uplift (Japsen & Bidstrup, 1999;Japsen & Chalmers, 2000;Lidmar-Bergström & Näslund, 2002;Japsen et al, 2007), while subsidence accelerated in the North Sea region (Fig. 6).…”

Section: Neogenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elsewhere, the effects of relative sealevel rise were countered by continued uplift, most notably of the Scottish source areas, as shown by a major phase of southward land progradation. Shortly after, the shelf underwent uplift and erosion associated with a major phase of exhumation of Fennoscandia including the continued rise of the South Swedish Dome and southern Norway (Japsen & Chalmers, 2000;LidmarBergström & Näslund, 2002;Japsen et al, 2002Japsen et al, , 2007Cloetingh et al, 2005). Discussions regarding the potential interplay of uplift and climatic deterioration of the Scandinavian mountains is still unresolved (e.g.…”

Section: Neogenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although a tectonic uplift component has been proposed by many authors (Japsen & Chalmers, 2000;Overeem et al, 2001;Dahlgren et al, 2005;Stoker et al, 2005), Golzdowski et al (2012) suggest that the Plio-Pleistocene erosion history of Scandinavia (and therefore of offshore sedimentation) is solely a result of the colder climate with more abundant periglacial process-dominated denudation, increased seasonality, glaciation and ice sheet overriding of watersheds. Some authors have considered the increased sediment supply could result from a combination of the two processes (e.g.…”

Section: Neogene and Quaternarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Widespread uplift and associated basinal subsidence in the Neogene (Chalmers & Cloetingh, 2000;Japsen & Chalmers, 2000;Cloetingh et al, 2005Cloetingh et al, , 2009 led to the present-day configuration in which the North Sea Basin is separated from a shallow basin to the southeast, known as the East German -Polish Basin. Fragmentation of the North-west European Basin in the Quaternary led to the formation of the Baltic Sea, but this depression, by contrast, originates from a combination of fluvial and later glacial erosion initiated in the Oligocene (cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Filling the North Sea Basin: Cenozoic sediment sources and river styles

Gibbard¹,

Lewin²

2016

Geol. Belg.

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ABSTRACT. The history of the infilling of the North Sea is outlined, with particular focus on sediment sources and river inputs. In simple terms (for the detail is complex), these sources changed from domination by northwesterly sources from the Shetland area (Paleocene to Eocene), to a geographically more uniform basin-centred pattern, and then northerly input following Fennoscandian uplift (Oligocene and Neogene). Baltic inputs followed via an 'Eridanos (Baltic) River' (Miocene), with cold-climate coarser sediment inputs, and lacustrine episodes resulting from ice damming (Pleistocene). River styles in each of these phases are discussed, with the Cenozoic at first being dominated by low energy fluvial deposition (channel sands, chemically weathered clays, and organic sedimentation) in fluctuating climates. Cold climates in the latest Neogene and Quaternary are seen as major determinant of a change in fluvial style, though these are also associated with tectonic effects, as in Scandinavia. The mediating role of vegetation, relating also to temperature and precipitation, is also likely to have been significant. Narrow valley incision followed the Middle Pleistocene Transition, as well as an increasing importance of Rhine-Meuse sources that had begun earlier.

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Section: Neogenementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neogenementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neogenementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neogene and Quaternarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Filling the North Sea Basin: Cenozoic sediment sources and river styles

Gibbard¹,

Lewin²

2016

Geol. Belg.

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Passive margins getting squeezed in the mantle convection vice

et al. 2013

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[1] Passive margins often exhibit uplift, exhumation, and tectonic inversion. We speculate that the compression in the lithosphere gradually increased during the Cenozoic, as seen in the number of mountain belts found at active margins during that period. Less clear is how that compression increase affects passive margins. In order to address this issue, we design a 2-D viscous numerical model wherein a lithospheric plate rests above a weaker mantle. It is driven by a mantle conveyor belt, alternatively excited by a lateral downwelling on one side, an upwelling on the other side, or both simultaneously. The lateral edges of the plate are either free or fixed, representing the cases of free convergence, and collision (or slab anchoring), respectively. This distinction changes the upper mechanical boundary condition for mantle circulation and thus, the stress field. Between these two regimes, the flow pattern transiently evolves from a free-slip convection mode toward a no-slip boundary condition above the upper mantle. In the second case, the lithosphere is highly stressed horizontally and deforms. For a constant total driving force, compression increases drastically at passive margins if upwellings are active. Conversely, if downwellings alone are activated, compression occurs at short distances from the trench and extension prevails elsewhere. These results are supported by Earth-like models that reveal the same pattern, where active upwellings are required to excite passive margins compression. Our results substantiate the idea that compression at passive margins is in response to the underlying mantle flow that is increasingly resisted by the Cenozoic collisions.

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Circum‐Arctic mantle structure and long‐wavelength topography since the Jurassic

et al. 2014

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The circum-Arctic is one of the most tectonically complex regions of the world, shaped by a history of ocean basin opening and closure since the Early Jurassic. The region is characterized by contemporaneous large-scale Cenozoic exhumation extending from Alaska to the Atlantic, but its driving force is unknown. We show that the mantle flow associated with subducted slabs of the South Anuyi, Mongol-Okhotsk, and Panthalassa oceans have imparted long-wavelength deflection on overriding plates. We identify the Jurassic-Cretaceous South Anuyi slab under present-day Greenland in seismic tomography and numerical mantle flow models. Under North America, we propose the "Farallon" slab results from Andean-style ocean-continent convergence around~30°N and from a combination of ocean-continent and intraoceanic subduction north of 50°N. We compute circum-Arctic dynamic topography through time from subduction-driven convection models and find that slabs have imparted on average <1-16 m/Myr of dynamic subsidence across the region from at least 170 Ma to~50 Ma. With the exception of Siberia, the main phase of circum-Arctic dynamic subsidence has been followed either by slowed subsidence or by uplift of <1-6 m/Myr on average to present day. Comparing these results to geological inferences suggest that subduction-driven dynamic topography can account for rapid Middle to Late Jurassic subsidence in the Slave Craton and North Slope (respectively, <15 and 21 m/Myr, between 170 and 130 Ma) and for dynamic subsidence (<7 m/Myr, 170-50 Ma) followed by dynamic uplift (<6 m/Myr since 50 Ma) of the Barents Sea region. Combining detailed kinematic reconstructions with geodynamic modeling and key geological observations constitutes a powerful tool to investigate the origin of vertical motion in remote regions.

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Neogene uplift and tectonics around the North Atlantic: overview

Cited by 229 publications

References 39 publications

Filling the North Sea Basin: Cenozoic sediment sources and river styles

Filling the North Sea Basin: Cenozoic sediment sources and river styles

Passive margins getting squeezed in the mantle convection vice

Circum‐Arctic mantle structure and long‐wavelength topography since the Jurassic

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