Neogene diversification in the temperate lichen-forming fungal genus <i>Parmelia</i> (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota)

Molina, M. Carmen; Divakar, Pradeep K.; Goward, Trevor; Millanes, Ana M.; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten; Crespo, Ana

doi:10.1080/14772000.2016.1226977

Cited by 16 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The split of B. glabra from the other taxa in the B. fuscescens complex is estimated at c. 6.9 Mya, and clearly separated from the much later divergence of the other three species estimated at c. 1 Mya (0.6 Mya if only the nuITS locus is used). This contrasts with other lichenised species considered of recent origin, estimated around 2.5–5 Mya (Pliocene), with any Pleistocene speciation event rare and always older than 1 Mya (Amo de Paz et al 2012, Leavitt et al 2012a, b, Molina et al 2016). As the three B. fuscescens complex clades seem to have diverged more recently, the extent of their reproductive isolation is uncertain, and the discovery of intermediate lineages amongst other named species from unsampled geographical regions, such as continental Asia remains possible.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Evaluating methodologies for species delimitation: the mismatch between phenotypes and genotypes in lichenized fungi (Bryoria sect. Implexae, Parmeliaceae)

et al. 2019

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In many lichen-forming fungi, molecular phylogenetic analyses lead to the discovery of cryptic species within traditional morphospecies. However, in some cases, molecular sequence data also questions the separation of phenotypically characterised species. Here we apply an integrative taxonomy approach – including morphological, chemical, molecular, and distributional characters – to re-assess species boundaries in a traditionally speciose group of hair lichens, Bryoria sect. Implexae. We sampled multilocus sequence and microsatellite data from 142 specimens from a broad intercontinental distribution. Molecular data included DNA sequences of the standard fungal markers ITS, IGS, GAPDH, two newly tested loci (FRBi15 and FRBi16), and SSR frequencies from 18 microsatellite markers. Datasets were analysed with Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic reconstruction, phenogram reconstruction, STRUCTURE Bayesian clustering, principal coordinate analysis, haplotype network, and several different species delimitation analyses (ABGD, PTP, GMYC, and DISSECT). Additionally, past population demography and divergence times are estimated. The different approaches to species recognition do not support the monophyly of the 11 currently accepted morphospecies, and rather suggest the reduction of these to four phylogenetic species. Moreover, three of these are relatively recent in origin and cryptic, including phenotypically and chemically variable specimens. Issues regarding the integration of an evolutionary perspective into taxonomic conclusions in species complexes, which have undergone recent diversification, are discussed. The four accepted species, all epitypified by sequenced material, are Bryoria fuscescens, B. glabra, B. kockiana, and B. pseudofuscescens. Ten species rank names are reduced to synonymy. In the absence of molecular data, they can be recorded as the B. fuscescens complex. Intraspecific phenotype plasticity and factors affecting the speciation of different morphospecies in this group of Bryoria are outlined.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Evaluating methodologies for species delimitation: the mismatch between phenotypes and genotypes in lichenized fungi (Bryoria sect. Implexae, Parmeliaceae)

et al. 2019

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“…(Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) currently comprises ca. 40 species (Crespo and Lumbsch 2010; Thell et al 2012; Molina et al 2017) and was divided, based on the presence and type of vegetative diaspores, into three groups: the P. saxatilis group with isidiate species, the P. sulcata group containing sorediate species and the P. omphalodes group without vegetative propagules (Thell et al 2017). To date, research has focused mainly on the isidiate and sorediate species (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, research has focused mainly on the isidiate and sorediate species (e.g. Molina et al 2004, 2011, 2017; Divakar et al 2005; Thell et al 2008; Ossowska et al 2018; Corsie et al 2019; Haugan and Timdal 2019). The phylogenetic position of species of the P. omphalodes group and their taxonomic status have not been fully understood and required more detailed study as suggested by Molina et al (2004) and Thell et al (2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and secondary chemistry in species recognition of Parmelia omphalodes group – evidence from molecular data with notes on the ecological niche modelling and genetic variability of photobionts

Ossowska

Guzow-Krzemińska

Kolanowska

et al. 2019

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To evaluate the importance of morphological and chemical characters used in the recognition of species within the Parmelia omphalodes group, we performed phylogenetic, morphological and chemical analyses of 335 specimens, of which 34 were used for molecular analyses. Phylogenetic analyses, based on ITS rDNA sequences, show that P. pinnatifida is distinct from P. omphalodes and the most important difference between those species is the development of pseudocyphellae. In P. pinnatifida, they are mostly marginal and form white rims along lobes margins, but laminal pseudocyphellae can develop in older parts of thalli and are predominantly connected with marginal pseudocyphellae. In contrast, in P. omphalodes laminal pseudocyphellae are common and are predominantly not connected to marginal pseudocyphellae. Chemical composition of secondary lichen metabolites in both analysed species is identical and therefore this feature is not diagnostic in species recognition. Few samples of P. discordans, species morphologically similar to P. omphalodes and P. pinnatifida, were also included in the analyses and they are nested within the clade of P. omphalodes, despite the different chemistry (protocetraric acid present versus salazinic acid in P. omphalodes). All taxa of the P. omphalodes group occupy similar niches, but their potential distributions are wider than those currently known. The absence of specimens in some localities may be limited by the photobiont availability. Parmelia omphalodes and P. pinnatifida are moderately selective in photobiont choice as they form associations with at least two or three lineages of Trebouxia clade S. Parmelia pinnatifida, as well as P. discordans are associated with Trebouxia OTU S02 which seems to have a broad ecological amplitude. Other lineages of Trebouxia seem to be rarer, especially Trebouxia sp. OTU S04, which is sometimes present in P. pinnatifida. This study indicates the importance of extensive research including morphology, chemistry and analysis of molecular markers of both bionts in taxonomical studies of lichens.

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“…Apart from these, P. mayi , P. imbricaria and P. sulymae were segregated from P. saxatilis in North America (Molina et al . 2011 b , 2017). A first DNA barcode study on Parmelia s. str.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A revision of species of theParmelia saxatiliscomplex in the Iberian Peninsula with the description ofP. rojoi, a new potentially relict species

et al. 2020

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The species of the Parmelia saxatilis complex occurring in the Iberian Peninsula were revised. Eight species are accepted, including a new species found in southern Spain, described as P. rojoi A. Crespo, V. J. Rico & Divakar. The new species, which forms a sister-group relationship with P. saxatilis s. str., is rare in the Iberian Peninsula and is restricted to higher altitudes of northern and central Spain. Parmelia rojoi differs from P. saxatilis by generally narrower isidia and a more fragile thallus. The segregation of the new species is also supported by ITS (rDNA) and Mcm7 (MS456) phylogeny and multispecies coalescent-based approaches, including StarBEAST and BP&P. Furthermore, the divergence of P. rojoi is dated back to the Pleistocene, c. 2.13 Ma. A key to the identification of species from the P. saxatilis complex with their diagnostic features is provided. All species of the complex known from Europe are also found in the Iberian Peninsula. We hypothesize that P. rojoi is a relict species that survived the Pleistocene glaciations in refugia in Spain and has been unable to extend its distributional range in postglacial periods.

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Neogene diversification in the temperate lichen-forming fungal genus Parmelia (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota)

Cited by 16 publications

References 83 publications

Evaluating methodologies for species delimitation: the mismatch between phenotypes and genotypes in lichenized fungi (Bryoria sect. Implexae, Parmeliaceae)

Evaluating methodologies for species delimitation: the mismatch between phenotypes and genotypes in lichenized fungi (Bryoria sect. Implexae, Parmeliaceae)

Morphology and secondary chemistry in species recognition of Parmelia omphalodes group – evidence from molecular data with notes on the ecological niche modelling and genetic variability of photobionts

A revision of species of theParmelia saxatiliscomplex in the Iberian Peninsula with the description ofP. rojoi, a new potentially relict species

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