Neocortical Cholinergic Neurons in Elderly People

White, Pamela; Goodhardt, Michèle; Keet, J.P.; Hiley, C. Robin; Carrasco, L.; Williams, I.E.I.; Bowen, David M.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(77)92114-6

Cited by 456 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The growing evidence of abnormalities in various components of the cholinergic transmitter system in Alzheimer's disease (Davis & Maloney, 1976;Perry et al 1977;Spillane et al 1977;White et al 1977) may also be partly related to or reflected by plaque formation. Thus a significant decline in cholineacetyl-transferase occurs with increasing plaque numbers in the neocortex of non-demented and demented old people (Perry et al 1978); Perry & Perry (1980) also showed significant correlations between plaque numbers and decreasing acetylcholinesterase.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plaques, tangles and Alzheimer's disease

Tomlinson¹

1982

Psychol. Med.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plaques, tangles and Alzheimer's disease

Tomlinson¹

1982

Psychol. Med.

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“…In Alzheimer's dementia (AD), which is frequently accompanied by cholinergic deficiency, attention and executive ability decline during early disease stages (White et al. 1977; Haxby et al. 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ncl. Basalis Meynert volume on the Trail‐Making‐Test are restricted to the left hemisphere

et al. 2015

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BackgroundCortical acetylcholine released from cells in the basal forebrain facilitates cue detection and improves attentional performance. Cholinergic fibres to the cortex originate from the CH4 cell group, sometimes referred to as the Nucleus basalis of Meynert and the Nucleus subputaminalis of Ayala. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of volumes of cholinergic nuclei on attention and executive function.MethodsThe volumes of CH4 and CH4p subregions were measured in a subgroup of 38 subjects (33.5 ± 11 years, 20 females) from a population‐based cohort study of smokers and never‐smokers who have undergone additional MR imaging. To define regions of interest, we applied a DARTEL‐based procedure implemented in SPM8 and a validated probabilistic map of the basal forebrain. Attention and executive function were measured with Trail‐Making Test (TMT A+B) and Stroop‐Task.ResultsWe found a quadratic effect of the left CH4 subregion on performance of the TMT. Extremely small as well as extremely large volumes are associated with poor test performance.ConclusionsOur results indicate that a small CH4 volume predisposes for a hypocholinergic state, whereas an extremely large volume predisposes for a hypercholinergic state. Both extremes have detrimental effects on attention. Comparable nonlinear effects have already been reported in pharmacological studies on the effects cholinergic agonists on attention.

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“…Prevention of this disease is urgently needed to minimize its ill effects. Several evidences have indicated that the brains of patients with AD had decreased levels of acetylcholine, one of the main neurotransmitters in the central nervous system serving to increase attention and facilitate learning [4] . In AD patients, brain deficits in the cholinergic system were commonly reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity of Thai medicinal plants against beverage spoilage microorganisms and their potential in retarding Alzheimer’s disease progression

Nanasombat¹,

Bubpasawan²,

Tamaput³

et al. 2014

Phcog Commn.

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Thai medicinal plants (34 crude methanolic extracts) were tested for their antimicrobial activities, antiacetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activities, total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Acorus calamus, Cassia alata, Crocus sativus, Nymphaea lotus and Phyllanthus emblica extracts showed strong antimicrobial activity against spoilage yeasts, lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria tested. Most susceptible yeast strains were Rhodotorula glutinis and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Kaempferia parviflora, Nelumbo nucifera, Rauvolfia serpentina and Centella asiatica extracts exhibited strong acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (more than 70 % inhibition). Terminalia chebula, Cinnamomum bejolghota, Uncaria gambir and P. emblica extracts had the strongest antioxidant activity, EC 50 of 387.23 -490.47 µg extract/mg 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) by DPPH radical scavenging activity method and reducing capacity of 656.19 -774.41 mmol Fe(II)/g by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. U. gambir extract had the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (771.59 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g and 2,292.43 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g, respectively).

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Neocortical Cholinergic Neurons in Elderly People

Cited by 456 publications

References 12 publications

Plaques, tangles and Alzheimer's disease

Plaques, tangles and Alzheimer's disease

Effects of Ncl. Basalis Meynert volume on the Trail‐Making‐Test are restricted to the left hemisphere

Antimicrobial activity of Thai medicinal plants against beverage spoilage microorganisms and their potential in retarding Alzheimer’s disease progression

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