NEMS/MEMS carbon functionalization: A prospective expression

Abstract

Nanotechnology is an emerging scientific domain for innovative application in biomedical, electronics, bio functionalities, tribology, and energy generation. Nano cellulose, carbon black, black carbon, carbon dots, and graphene family members are functional structures due to unique physiochemical properties and electron transfer efficacy. The transformation of physiochemical or morphological properties of carbon nanoparticles may lead to biological activities for evolution of reactive oxygen species. Disruption of biological membrane due to supramolecular adhesion of hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amino functional groups is a biomechanical mechanism of cytotoxicity of carbon nanomaterials. The surface tension and Gibbs free energy of bio-membrane is affected by the loading of carbon nanomaterials.