Nematodes of Quarantine Importance

Ravichandra, N. G.

doi:10.1007/978-81-322-1841-8_12

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It is well accepted that elimination and control practices need to be implemented as early as possible in order to achieve desired biosecurity outcomes 67 , and predictive knowledge of potential distribution is a key element in this decision-making. This is particularly the case for nematode prevention as they are often overlooked due to symptoms on host plants not being readily obvious at the early stages of infestation 68 , and once established and detected any management response will consume enormous resources and the probability of elimination decreases. For these reasons, the prediction of risk regions will provide significant support to decision-makers assisting in the accurate and early detection of PCNs to overcome this challenge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting potential global distribution and risk regions for potato cyst nematodes (Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida)

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Potato cyst nematodes (PCNs), golden (yellow) cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis, gPCN) and pale (white) cyst nematode (G. pallida, pPCN), are important invasive pests in many countries and regions where they can cause significant yield and economic loss for agriculture. Prediction and identification of habitats suitable for PCNs are critical for developing biosecurity strategies, both pre and post border, to maximise the potential for early elimination should an incursion occur. To date, the potential global distribution of PCNs has not been thoroughly studied. Therefore, this study conducted a species distribution model to illustrate the potential global distribution of PCNs and risk regions. In this study, the Maximum Entropy Model (Maxent) associated with the Geographic Information System (GIS) was employed to reveal the potential distribution of the gPCN and pPCN. In addition to bioclimate, soil quality was also included in the model. The global cultivated lands, whether the susceptible hosts were present or not, were used to assess the maximum potential risk regions. The limitation factors for PCNs distribution were also assessed. Results showed that 66% of the global land surface was suitable for gPCN or pPCN or both, and both species can colonise more than 75% of the global cultivated lands. The coldest quarter’s mean temperature and precipitation were critical limitations in unsuitable regions. In summary, the global risk maps of PCNs contribute valuable additional information that complements previous national/regional distribution predictions. The results of this distribution research will contribute practical support for decision-makers and practitioners to implement biosecurity strategies from a global perspective, that incorporate prevention or promptly enforce control practices to limit the damage caused by future incursions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting potential global distribution and risk regions for potato cyst nematodes (Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida)

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…It is applied by governmental agencies and consists of strict procedures to prevent importation of a pest to an area where it does not exist. Quarantine has been proved efficient in the past to stop or delay the spread of nematode pests but also it is considered effective in present due to the intensity of imports and exports of plant material [22]. Fallow and crop rotation [23] can be applied to suppress populations of root-knot nematodes after their introduction in a new area [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival of Root-Knot nematodes and their egg-parasitic fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia (Goddard) on weed roots

Bouchagier¹

2018

SDRP-JPS

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Background: Root-knot nematodes is a major pest and difficult to control in vegetable crops worldwide. Pochonia chlamydosporia is an egg-parasitic fungus which attracts attention as a control agent of root-knot nematodes. Weeds serve as potential hosts for both root-knot nematodes and P. chlamydosporia. The objectives of this study was to assess several weed species as hosts of root-knot nematodes and P. chlamydosporia and assess the impact of fungicide foliar treatments on P. chlamydosporia colonies in roots. Methodology: Pot experiments were conducted to study research objectives. Tomato, black nightshade, common lambsquarter and common wild oat were assessed as hosts for root-knot nematodes and P. chlamydosporia. Also, thiophanate-methyl (systemic fungicide) and mancozeb (non-systemic fungicide) were foliarly sprayed to tomato plants already colonized with root-knot nematodes and P. chlamydosporia. Results: Root-knot nematodes and P. chlamydosporia successfully colonized roots of species tested. No significant differences were observed between treatments. P. chlamydosporia colonized successfully tomato roots although applied in low concentration of 1670 spores/ml. Colonization of roots by the fungus was observed as early as seven days after inoculation. No negative impact on P. chlamydosporia colonies in tomato roots sprayed with a fungicide, were observed. Conclusions: Root-knot nematodes can survive in roots of a wide range of plant species, either crops or weeds. This is very important particularly in fallow periods. P. chlamydosporia can be integrated in nematode control schemes and in combination with foliar fungicides in presence of wilt diseases in roots.

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Nematodes network too: diversity, abundance and dispersal via plant produce trade networks

Banks

Tangchitsomkid²,

Chanmalee

et al. 2018

Plant Pathology

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The dispersal of invasive species, such as plant pests, can have major economic, environmental and social impacts worldwide. Movement of plant pests from farms to both foreign and domestic markets is facilitated by trade networks, such as plant produce trade networks. While many potential pathways of invasive plant pest entry are regulated, few studies have examined the diversity, abundance and dispersal of soil microorganisms, such as nematodes, on plant produce while en route between origin and destination to quantify the risk of invasive plant pest introductions via these pathways. Here it is shown that a large range and number of live nematodes are dispersing locally and nationally via plant produce trade networks, with the potential to also move internationally. Up to 98% of samples tested carried free‐living nematodes and up to 40% carried plant‐parasitic forms. Diversity of nematodes varied between countries and regions, and numbers on samples generally decreased with increasing distance from the farm to market. These findings may have implications for plant biosecurity surveillance as well as human health. Moreover, nematodes provide a model for other potentially invasive species dispersing via plant produce trade networks.

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Nematodes of Quarantine Importance

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Predicting potential global distribution and risk regions for potato cyst nematodes (Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida)

Predicting potential global distribution and risk regions for potato cyst nematodes (Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida)

Survival of Root-Knot nematodes and their egg-parasitic fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia (Goddard) on weed roots

Nematodes network too: diversity, abundance and dispersal via plant produce trade networks

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