Nematodes of Pineapple: A Review

Abstract

lnsrirut Francais de Recherches FruitGres Ourre Mer (I. F.A. CJ, B. P. 1740 Abidjan, Ivory Coast.Summary. Pineapple growing i s very important in the economy of many tropical countries, but nematodes are a very serious problem in this crop. Among the many phytophagous species found in the root zone of pineapples, Meloidogyne spp., Prarylenchus spp. and Rotylenchulus reniformis (Linford and Oliveira) are particularly important.In fact, these species can reduce the yields by more than 40% for the first crop and sometimes they can obviate all possibility of harvesting a second crop without replanting. These pests are very polyphagous and can ako survive for many months in the absence of host-plants and thus, non-chemical control measures are of limited interest, though a few interesting local results have been obtained.Some of these methods are, nevertheless, an appreciable addition t o the application of nematicides. Fumigant nematicides, such as dichloropropane -dichloropropene mixture, ethylene dibromide and dibromochloropropane are presently used with success in some countries, but their use is far from general.Some new, more effective but more expensive, nematicides are being tested but their use will vary according to the economic conditions in each country. With these new compounds the crops can be kept free of nematodes and, on non-organic soils, the efficiency and the real profitability of usual pest control methods can now be assessed.In this report, the author tries to summarise the acquired knowledge on the damage by nematodes to pineapple crops and to estimate the methods used to limit the losses. Reports are, however, lacking in many cases or are limited to a list of existing nematodes. PANS 21: [123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140] 1975.

Morphological and molecular characterization of Pratylenchus species from Yam (Dioscorea spp.) in West Africa

“…Pratylenchus brachyurus, a cosmopolitan species, appears as the predominant species on yam in Nigeria and Ghana, which is in agreement with other studies that have reported P. brachyurus from yam in Nigeria and West Africa ( Luc and de Guiran, 1960 ; Unny and Jerath, 1965 ; Caveness, 1967 ; Bridge, 1972, 1973 ). In this region, the polyphagous P. brachyurus has also been recorded as a pest of numerous crops ( Miège, 1957 ; Luc and de Guiran, 1960 ; Bridge, 1973 ; Egunjobi, 1974 ; Egunjobi and Larinde, 1975 ; Guerout, 1975 ; Coyne et al, 1999 ; Castillo and Vovlas, 2007 ), including an interception from Colocasia sp. (another tuber crop) from Nigeria to China ( Zhao et al, 2011 ).…”

“…(another tuber crop) from Nigeria to China ( Zhao et al, 2011 ). Also, it is known to affect plant growth and the yield of crops in West Africa, for instance on pineapple ( Guerout, 1975 ) and cassava ( De Guiran, 1965 ).…”

Supplementary 4

“…Several species of parasitic nematodes have been reported on pineapple such as root-knot (Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita), lesion (Pratylenchus brachyurus) and reniform (Rotylenchulus reniformis) (Guerout, 1975;Rabie, 2017). The importance of nematodes that are responsible for the losses in pineapple farms have been recorded in Costa Rica (Araya, 2017b), Peru (Vera Obando et al, 2017, France (Soler et al, 2021), Africa (Coyne et al, 2018) and Nigeria (Daramola et al, 2013).…”

Control by arbuscular endomycorrhizae of Pratylenchus brachyurus in pineapple microplants

“…It was described for the first time in pineapple roots by Godfrey (1929) in Hawaii. This nematode penetrates the elongation zone of roots and develops in the cortical tissue and vascular cylinder (Guérout 1975). Secondary roots can then be destroyed by nematode infestation giving a root system that is essentially composed of primary roots (Caswell et al 1990).…”

“…Decreases in fruit yield can be in the region of 30 to 35% and the number of suckers may be reduced to 80% (Lacoeuilhe andGuérout 1976,Keetch 1982). P brachyurus has a high impact in the Ivory Coast (Guérout 1975), because pineapple is often grown in soil with a pH adapted to nematode proliferation (pH 5 to 5.5) (Sarah 1991).…”