Nematodes as Drivers of Plant Performance in Natural Systems

Wilschut, Rutger A.; Geisen, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2020.10.006

Cited by 115 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…According to the "cry-for-help hypothesis," plants attract entomopathogenic nematodes [46,47]. Bacterial suspensions of symbiotic bacteria of entomopathogenic nematodes (Photorhabdus luminescens, Xenorhabdus sp., X. szentirmaii) significantly reduced Meloidogyna hapla number of galls (51-67%), egg masses (48-68%) and the reproduction factor (RF) (55-62%).…”

Section: Pot Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteria as Biocontrol Tool against Phytoparasitic Nematodes

Мигунова

Sasanelli

2021

Plants

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Phytoparasitic nematodes cause severe damage and yield losses to numerous agricultural crops. Considering the revision of the EU legislation on the use of pesticides on agricultural crops, control strategies with low environmental impact are required. The approach based on the use of bacteria seems particularly promising as it also helps to reduce the applied amounts of chemicals and stabilize ecological changes. This paper gives an overview of the main types of bacteria that can be used as biological control agents against plant parasitic nematodes and their interrelationships with plants and other organisms. Many experiments have given positive results of phytoparasitic nematode control by bacteria, showing possible prospects for their application. In vitro, greenhouse and field experiments have shown that bacteria can regulate the development of ecto- and endoparasitic nematodes by different modes of action. Triggering the induction of plant defense mechanisms by bacteria is seen as the optimum tool because the efficacy of bacterial treatment can be higher than that of chemical pesticides or at least close to it. Moreover, bacterial application produces additional positive effects on growth stimulation, raises yields and suppresses other pathogenic microorganisms. Commercial formulations, both as single bacterial strains and bacterial complexes, are examined.

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Section: Pot Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteria as Biocontrol Tool against Phytoparasitic Nematodes

Мигунова

Sasanelli

2021

Plants

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“…Technical problems are usually linked to expressing a large, multi-subunit protein toxin into the needed transgenic plants, but small toxins of Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus bacteria are among the best alternative sources of such insecticidal protein toxins [14,74]; and (10) these bacteria can favorably interact with plant roots as well [60]. The roots may attract EPNs that carry these bacteria to help control plant pests and pathogens [107,108]. Bacterial suspensions of P. luminescens, Xenorhabdus sp., and X. szentirmaii could significantly reduce the growth parameters of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne hapla.…”

Section: The Mounting Role Of Photorhabdus Bacteria Against Pests and Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photorhabdus spp.: An Overview of the Beneficial Aspects of Mutualistic Bacteria of Insecticidal Nematodes

Abd-Elgawad

2021

Plants

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The current approaches to sustainable agricultural development aspire to use safer means to control pests and pathogens. Photorhabdus bacteria that are insecticidal symbionts of entomopathogenic nematodes in the genus Heterorhabditis can provide such a service with a treasure trove of insecticidal compounds and an ability to cope with the insect immune system. This review highlights the need of Photorhabdus-derived insecticidal, fungicidal, pharmaceutical, parasiticidal, antimicrobial, and toxic materials to fit into current, or emerging, holistic strategies, mainly for managing plant pests and pathogens. The widespread use of these bacteria, however, has been slow, due to cost, natural presence within the uneven distribution of their nematode partners, and problems with trait stability during in vitro culture. Yet, progress has been made, showing an ability to overcome these obstacles via offering affordable mass production and mastered genome sequencing, while detecting more of their beneficial bacterial species/strains. Their high pathogenicity to a wide range of arthropods, efficiency against diseases, and versatility, suggest future promising industrial products. The many useful properties of these bacteria can facilitate their integration with other pest/disease management tactics for crop protection.

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“…Soil nematode community composition was generally correlated with changes in abiotic soil parameters, such as pH, C and N availability, and soil moisture (Liu et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2021). The structure and composition of soil nematode communities might be associated with soil nutrients and biochemical factors, and their interactions with other factors (e.g., vegetation, soil, climate) (Chen et al, 2015;Wilschut and Geisen, 2020). This suggests that soil nematodes are sensitive indicators of temporal changes in soil characteristics and plant communities under disturbances (Williamson et al, 2005).…”

Section: Contributions Of Environmental Factors To the Soil Nematode Under Nature Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature Restoration Shifts the Abundance and Structure of Soil Nematode Communities in Subtropical China

Wang

Zheng

Shi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Aims Soil nematode community is an important component of the soil food web, which has been widely recognized as a key bio-indicator for assessing the influence of nature restoration on ecological functions. However, the dynamics of the abundance, diversity and function of soil nematode community remain unclear under different forest succession phases. Methods The soil nematode community of natural secondary forests was investigated using a chronosequence approach. Nature restoration for five succession stages were sampled in this study to represent a wide range of stand age groups.Results Soil nematode abundance gradually increased with forest stand age, which reached a peak value (574 individuals 100 g-1 dry soil) in the older age classes. In contrast, soil nematode diversity was not affected by forest stand age. Soil available nitrogen and phosphorus were key factors influencing soil nematode abundance and diversity during forest secondary succession. The plant parasite index decreased with forest stand age, which indicated that ecosystem function and health would be improved as nature restoration progresses. In addition, the structure of soil nematode community was more sensitive to forest secondary succession compared to plant community and soil microbial community. The bottom-up effects of the plant and microbial communities on soil nematode community were important drivers of nematode community structure in subtropical forests. Conclusions Overall, this study demonstrates the active responses of soil nematode community to nature restoration, and highlights the importance of the above-ground and below-ground interactions to the soil food web.

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Nematodes as Drivers of Plant Performance in Natural Systems

Cited by 115 publications

References 105 publications

Bacteria as Biocontrol Tool against Phytoparasitic Nematodes

Bacteria as Biocontrol Tool against Phytoparasitic Nematodes

Photorhabdus spp.: An Overview of the Beneficial Aspects of Mutualistic Bacteria of Insecticidal Nematodes

Nature Restoration Shifts the Abundance and Structure of Soil Nematode Communities in Subtropical China

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