Nematode-Resistant Oil Radish for Control of Heterodera schachtii

Koch, D. W.; Gray, F. A.

doi:10.5274/jsbr.34.1.31

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Many potential rotations or green manure crops that show promise in nematode management may be antagonistic to some nematode species or even serve as trap crops (92,95,138,158). These plants may be categorized as being either active or passive, depending on whether they produce some antihelminthic compounds or are simply unsuitable hosts for nematodes.…”

Section: Designing Ecology-and Soil Biology-based Cropping Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These plants may be categorized as being either active or passive, depending on whether they produce some antihelminthic compounds or are simply unsuitable hosts for nematodes. Selected Brassica species, including rapeseed and mustard, may suppress nematode populations, soilborne pathogens, and weeds in crop rotations (72,95). These plants produce glucosinolates, and their decomposition products are toxic to nematodes.…”

Section: Designing Ecology-and Soil Biology-based Cropping Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These plants produce glucosinolates, and their decomposition products are toxic to nematodes. Nematode-resistant radish is very effective in suppressing Heterodera schachtii on sugar beet (95). In contrast, rapeseed is stunted and supports reproduction of M. arenaria (KR Barker, unpublished).…”

Section: Designing Ecology-and Soil Biology-based Cropping Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing Sustainable Systems for Nematode Management

Barker

Koenning

1998

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

176

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Early researchers identified key concepts and developed tactics for multiple-option management of nematodes. Although the emphasis on integrated pest management over the past three decades has promoted strategies and tactics for nematode management, comprehensive studies on the related soil biology-ecology are relatively recent. Traditional management tactics include host resistance (where available), cultural tactics such as rotation with nonhosts, sanitation and avoidance, and destruction of residual crop roots, and the judicious use of nematicides. There have been advances in biological control of nematodes, but field-scale exploitation of this tactic remains to be realized. New technologies and resources are currently becoming central to the development of sustainable systems for nematode-pest-crop management: molecular diagnostics for nematode identification, genetic engineering for host resistance, and the elucidation and application of soil biology for general integrated cropping systems. The latter strategy includes the use of nematode-pest antagonistic cover crops, animal wastes, and limited tillage practices that favor growth-promoting rhizobacteria, earthworms, predatory mites, and other beneficial organisms while suppressing parasitic nematodes and other plant pathogens. Certain rhizobacteria may induce systemic host resistance to nematodes and, in some instances, to foliage pathogens. The systems focusing on soil biology hold great promise for sustainable crop-nematode management, but only a few research programs are currently involved in this labor-intensive endeavor.

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Section: Designing Ecology-and Soil Biology-based Cropping Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Designing Ecology-and Soil Biology-based Cropping Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing Sustainable Systems for Nematode Management

Barker

Koenning

1998

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

176

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“…One success story of implementing resistant cover crops as integral component of a production system is the use of nematode-resistant brassica hosts as catch crops to reduce population densities of Heterodera schachtii Schm. below biological and economic threshold levels in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) production in Germany and the U.S [9,10] . In this system, nematode-resistant brassica cover crops are grown prior to sugar beet that then can be produced every three years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Crotalaria juncea as cover crop for cyst nematode suppression under Central Europe conditions

Sedaghatjoo¹,

Söchting²,

Westphal³

2017

Nematoda

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ABSTRACT:Interest in the use of cover crops for soil health improvement and soil amelioration with organic matter is increasing. In addition to more general benefits, cover crops have also long been implemented for biological nematode suppression. For example for more than three decades, Heterodera schachtii has been managed by cultivating nematode-resistant brassica cover crops in Central Europe and more recently in North America. Production systems may require additional cover crop species when brassica cover crops are undesirable because of the potential increase of other soil-borne diseases, e.g., club root, that could negatively impact brassica cash crops. Alternative plant species fit for nematode suppression are needed. The tropical legume Crotalaria juncea has been successfully implemented for the suppression of Meloidogyne spp. in climates most typical to its growth requirements. This plant combines the benefits of nitrogen fixation with nematode antagonistic properties. Crotalaria juncea poses no consumption risk for ruminant animals in contrast to other species of this genus. The current study determined the C. juncea host status to five cyst nematodes, and examined the vegetation period requirements of the crop of exemplary two commercial cultivars. Both cultivars were resistant to the nematode species tested, and grew most vigorously when planted in May or June when soil temperatures were conducive for germination. This widely known nematode-suppressing plant can be grown in Central Europe. Further field studies will need to address the implementation of this plant species.

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“…In Central Europe and the USA, cover-cropping with resistant crucifers and crop rotation with non-host plants have been used extensively to keep population densities below threshold levels (Schlang, 1991;Koch & Gray, 1997). Recently, sugar beet cultivars resistant and/or tolerant to H. schachtii have become available.…”

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confidence: 99%

Using a selective fast turn-around bioassay for population density determination of Heterodera schachtii

Meinecke

Hermann

Westphal

2013

Nematol

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In Central Europe, Heterodera schachtii is kept below threshold levels by cover-cropping with resistant crucifers and crop rotation with non-hosts. Determining population densities of H. schachtii in soil is critical when implementing resistant and tolerant sugar beet cultivars in integrated pest management (IPM) programmes. Soil extraction of the cysts followed by egg counts or extraction of the second-stage juveniles (J2) facilitated by the chemical stimulant acetox can be unsatisfactory in mixed field populations of cyst nematodes. In contrast to H. schachtii, nematodes typically present in sugar beet soils, e.g., Globodera pallida, G. rostochiensis, H. avenae, H. filipjevi, Meloidogyne hapla, M. incognita and Pratylenchus pénétrons, rarely penetrated radish roots. In this bioassay, equivalents of 50 g of soil dry weight were adjusted to 10-20% moisture, seeded with Raphanus sativus cv. Saxa 3, and incubated at a day-night (16:8 h) cycle of 28/23°C for 4 days before J2 in radish roots were enumerated. In different soil types, penetration by H. schachtii reñected the inoculation levels. When inoculated with mixes of H. schachtii with H. avenae or H. filipjevi, counts of H. schachtii were similar to those in soils with H. schachtii only. When comparing three methods in three soils spiked with H. schachtii cysts, the bioassay and the extraction method were lightly impacted by the soil texture but results of the acetox method varied with texture. When implemented for field samples from Franconia, the radish bioassay and the acetox method provided results related to cyst and egg extraction data. The radish bioassay provided a quick and easy method for quantifying H. schachtii in the presence of other nematode species in a wide range of soil types. Including this assay in IPM programmes may serve as an alternative to standard methods and will improve the decision making in sustainable production systems.

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Nematode-Resistant Oil Radish for Control of Heterodera schachtii

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Developing Sustainable Systems for Nematode Management

Developing Sustainable Systems for Nematode Management

Potential of Crotalaria juncea as cover crop for cyst nematode suppression under Central Europe conditions

Using a selective fast turn-around bioassay for population density determination of Heterodera schachtii

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