Nematoda

SCHIEMER, FRITZ

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-544791-1.50010-8

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Studies on oncholaimids and other nematodes in degrading cellulose detritus (Meyers & Hopper, 1967; Riemann & Schrage, 1978; Lopez et al , 1979) likewise failed to demonstrate uptake of micro‐organisms involved in the cellulose degradation process (although an unnoticed uptake of other microbiota in the community was surmised). This is an unexpected result, since abundant species of several nematode families occurring in detrital habitats have been demonstrated to feed on bacteria (Nicholas, 1984; Schiemer, 1987, for reviews; modern examples: Herman & Vranken, 1988; Moens & Vincx, 2000). In our opinion, however, the issue of the generally assumed high nutritive value of bacteria cell contents for benthic nematodes is still not settled despite intensive research over many years (for old literature, see Overgaard Nielsen, 1949; Hirschmann, 1952).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbiotic Relations of Sediment‐Agglutinating Nematodes and Bacteria in Detrital Habitats: The Enzyme‐Sharing Concept

Riemann

Helmke

2002

Marine Ecology

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Abstract.A new concept (`enzyme sharing') concerning the interaction of marine nematodes and microbes in the degradation of sedimentary detritus is presented. Elements of this concept are (1) the notorious tendency of many aquatic nematodes to agglutinate detrital particles by mucus secretions, (2) new observations on the stimulation of microbial growth by nematodes in agar plates, and (3) literature data on limited endogenous proteolytic capacities of aquatic nematodes.Observations on nematode-microbe associations in agar plates prompted the conceptual synthesis. In agar medium without the addition of any nutrients a spectacular growth of bacteria was visible on the sinusoidal crawling trails of nematodes only 2±3 days after introduction of the worms (species of Adoncholaimus, Anoplostoma and Sabatieria). Juveniles of Anoplostoma that hatched in the agar cultures left their minute trails in the medium and these were rapidly occupied by bacteria. The nematodes repeatedly visited their bacterial trails, which persisted as a peculiar biotic structure for more than one year and survived the nematodes.In sterile agar preparations containing the fluorogenic methylumbelliferyl-b-glucoside in the presence of the nematode Adoncholaimus, an enhanced fluorescence of the medium was visible, indicating b-glucosidase activity. We therefore assume that oncholaimid nematodes discharge enzymes that alone, or in concert with microbial activities, contribute to the hydrolytic cleavage of refractory polysaccharides containing b-glucosidic bonds such as agar components and cellulose. The sugars thus produced may then be taken up by the nematodes and concomitantly support the conspicuous growth of microbes. Since we did not observe any feeding of the nematodes on the associated microbes in agar plates, we question the nutritive potential of intact microbial cells for a U. S.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbiotic Relations of Sediment‐Agglutinating Nematodes and Bacteria in Detrital Habitats: The Enzyme‐Sharing Concept

Riemann

Helmke

2002

Marine Ecology

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“…The interpretation of the results in terms of biological processes (ingestion, assimilation, respiration…) was not obvious. In previous studies, Schiemer (1987) and Moens et al (1999) suggested that many data regarding the meiofaunal feeding rate on microflora and measurements of the absorption of labelled food provide an estimate of the assimilation rate rather than an ingestion rate. We investigated this question through a review of the available literature on the different processes involved (ingestion, assimilation, defecation) and their time scales.…”

Section: Radioactivity Uptake In Meiofaunamentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental estimation of assimilation rates of meiofauna feeding on 14C-labelled benthic diatoms

Rzeznik-Orignac¹,

Fichet²

2012

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

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“…Total biomass may be estimated from numerical abundance and mean individual biomass which, in turn, can be measured directly or indirectly for nematodes from volumetric estimations based on length and width measurements. Several authors have found that mean individual body weight is correlated with environmental characteristics such as sediment texture (WIESER, 1960;WARWICK, 1971;MCINTYRE and MURISON, 1973) or food supply (BOUWMAN, 1983;SCHIEMER, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nematode Biomass Spectra at Two Abyssal Sites in the NE Atlantic with a Contrasting Food Supply

Vanreusel

Vincx

Bett

et al. 1995

Intl Review of Hydrobiology

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Abundance and biomass sizes spectra of nematodes have been investigated at two contrasting abyssal sites in the NE Atlantic. The northern site is situated on the Porcupine Abyssal Plain where there is evidence for a high, seasonal input of organic matter derived from the overlying water column. The southern site is the oligotrophic station of the French EUMELI programme off Mauritania and is characterized by low primary productivity in the overlying water column and consequently by a lower organic input to the deep-sea floor. Low nematode density and total biomass in the surficial centimetre of the sediment at the EUMELI site (89 i n d l 0 cm', 8.52 pg wwt/lO cm'), in contrast to the PAP site (254 i n d l 0 cm', 54.16 pg wwtll0 cm?), supports a presumed lower food supply to this area. Similary, mean individual nematode body weight is significantly smaller at the oligotrophic EUMELI site (0.0241 pg dwt) compared to the PAP site (0.0511 pg dwt), which supports the hypothesis that mean nematode body size is correlated with food availability. However, differences are much less obvious when comparing geometric mean biomasses and median individual body sizes. The abundance size spectra for the two localities diverge appreciably only in the upper quartile. The differences in mean individual body weights are caused by the relatively greater abundance of larger nematodes at the more eutrophic PAP site.

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Nematoda

Cited by 6 publications

References 53 publications

Symbiotic Relations of Sediment‐Agglutinating Nematodes and Bacteria in Detrital Habitats: The Enzyme‐Sharing Concept

Symbiotic Relations of Sediment‐Agglutinating Nematodes and Bacteria in Detrital Habitats: The Enzyme‐Sharing Concept

Experimental estimation of assimilation rates of meiofauna feeding on 14C-labelled benthic diatoms

Nematode Biomass Spectra at Two Abyssal Sites in the NE Atlantic with a Contrasting Food Supply

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