Nematicidal Efficacy of Milbemectin against Root-Knot Nematodes

Abstract

<jats:p>The nematicidal efficacy of milbemectin and its commercial formulate Milbeknock® on (i) egg hatching, (ii) juvenile motility and (iii) infective capacity of root-knot nematodes was evaluated in vitro and in planta assays. Serial dilutions of pure milbemectin were tested against nematode eggs and juveniles and lethal concentrations LC50 and LC90 calculated. Exposure of egg masses to milbemectin at a concentration of 30 μg/mL for 72 h reduced egg hatching by 52%. The increase in exposure time to 240 h did not increase the egg hatching inhibition at the highest concentration 30 μg/mL (53%) but reduced egg hatching at 15 and 7 μg/mL by 35 and 24%, respectively, when compared to untreated controls. The inhibitory effect of milbemectin on juvenile motility ranged from 41 to 87% depending on its concentration, and this effect was persistent after rinsing the juveniles in water. The probabilistic dose–response model indicated that lethal concentrations of milbemectin for juvenile motility were LC50: 7.4 μg/mL and LC90: 29.9 μg/mL. The pre-plant application of Milbeknock® to soils infested with the nematode reduced its infective capacity by 98–99% compared to untreated soils in pot experiments. Milbeknock® reduced nematode soil population densities by 50–60% in natural infestations under field conditions. Milbemectin shows a high level of efficacy against root-knot nematodes as it reduces egg hatching, persistently immobilizes nematode juveniles, and reduces tomato root infection.</jats:p>

Biological silicon nanoparticles maximize the efficiency of nematicides against biotic stress induced by Meloidogyne incognita in eggplant

“…Control treatment dishes were received only 10 ml of nematicides RD. In comparison, petri dishes of other treatments contained 0.5 RD of 10 ml tested nematicides and SiNPs (1: 1, v: v) and allowed to immotile eggs or J2 to recover for 5 h and the number of hatched J2 was expressed as a cumulative number of viable J2 ( Talavera-Rubia et al, 2020 ). All treatments were left under room temperature (24 ± 3 ˚C).…”

Natural nematicidal metabolites and advances in their biocontrol capacity on plant parasitic nematodes

“…However, when Milbeknock® was applied via drip irrigation, it was insufficient for effective nematode control at 1.5 to 2.5 L ha −1 . 229 Abamectin is a commercial form of avermectin, which contains avermectins B1a and B1b. After soil application, it can effectively control Meloidogyne spp., reduce root galls, and increase tomato plant growth characters.…”