Neither elevated nor reduced CO2 affects the photophysiological performance of the marine Antarctic diatom Chaetoceros brevis

Boelen, Peter; Poll, Willem H. van de; Strate, Han J. van der; Neven, Ika A.; Beardall, John; Buma, Anita G. J.

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2011.06.012

Cited by 69 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Our results also agree well with previous laboratory experiments, which have shown that Antarctic Chaetoceros isolates show little to no stimulation by increasing pCO 2 levels (Boelen et al 2011;Trimborn et al 2013;Hoppe et al 2015). Nonetheless, this genus dominated OA treatments in several experiments with natural assemblages from the Southern Ocean, suggesting it to be a 'potential winner of OA' (Tortell et al 2008;Feng et al 2010;Boelen et al 2011;Trimborn et al 2013).…”

Section: Assemblages Did Not Respond To Ocean Acidificationsupporting

confidence: 91%

Resistance of Arctic phytoplankton to ocean acidification and enhanced irradiance

et al. 2017

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The Arctic Ocean is a region particularly prone to ongoing ocean acidification (OA) and climate-driven changes. The influence of these changes on Arctic phytoplankton assemblages, however, remains poorly understood. In order to understand how OA and enhanced irradiances (e.g., resulting from sea-ice retreat) will alter the species composition, primary production, and ecophysiology of Arctic phytoplankton, we conducted an incubation experiment with an assemblage from Baffin Bay (71°N, 68°W) under different carbonate chemistry and irradiance regimes. Seawater was collected from just below the deep Chl a maximum, and the resident phytoplankton were exposed to 380 and 1000 latm pCO 2 at both 15 and 35% incident irradiance. On-deck incubations, in which temperatures were 6°C above in situ conditions, were monitored for phytoplankton growth, biomass stoichiometry, net primary production, photo-physiology, and taxonomic composition. During the 8-day experiment, taxonomic diversity decreased and the diatom Chaetoceros socialis became increasingly dominant irrespective of light or CO 2 levels. We found no statistically significant effects from either higher CO 2 or light on physiological properties of phytoplankton during the experiment. We did, however, observe an initial 2-day stress response in all treatments, and slight photo-physiological responses to higher CO 2 and light during the first five days of the incubation. Our results thus indicate high resistance of Arctic phytoplankton to OA and enhanced irradiance levels, challenging the commonly predicted stimulatory effects of enhanced CO 2 and light availability for primary production.

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Section: Assemblages Did Not Respond To Ocean Acidificationsupporting

confidence: 91%

Resistance of Arctic phytoplankton to ocean acidification and enhanced irradiance

et al. 2017

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“…However, the physiological responses to ocean acidification in diatoms tend to be very species-specific (Wu et al, 2010;Boelen et al, 2011;Torstensson et al, 2012). The growth rate of T. pseudonana was unaffected by elevated pCO 2 , even though CCMs were down-regulated and photosynthesis up-regulated (Yang and Gao, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, optimal photosynthetic activity and growth of psychrophilic algae often occurs at temperatures above natural conditions (Fiala and Oriol, 1990). In addition, both positive, negative and no responses to increased pCO 2 have been reported in marine diatoms (Wu et al, 2010;Boelen et al, 2011;Torstensson et al, 2012). The combination of increased pCO 2 and alteration of additional environmental factors (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergism between elevated pCO2 and temperature on the Antarctic sea ice diatom Nitzschia lecointei

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Polar oceans are particularly susceptible to ocean acidification and warming. Diatoms play a significant role in sea ice biogeochemistry and provide an important food source to grazers in ice-covered oceans, especially during early spring. However, the ecophysiology of ice-living organisms has received little attention in terms of ocean acidification. In this study, the synergism between temperature and partial pressure of CO 2 (pCO 2 ) was investigated in relationship to the optimal growth temperature of the Antarctic sea ice diatom Nitzschia lecointei. Diatoms were kept in cultures at controlled levels of pCO 2 (∼ 390 and ∼ 960 µatm) and temperature (−1.8 and 2.5 • C) for 14 days. Synergism between temperature and pCO 2 was detected in growth rate and acyl lipid fatty acid (FA) content. Optimal growth rate was observed around 5 • C in a separate experiment. Carbon enrichment only promoted (6 %) growth rate closer to the optimal growth, but not at the control temperature (−1.8 • C). At −1.8 • C and at ∼ 960 µatm pCO 2 , the total FA content was reduced relative to the ∼ 390 µatm treatment, although no difference between pCO 2 treatments was observed at 2.5 • C. A large proportion (97 %) of the total FAs comprised on average of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) at −1.8 • C. Cellular PUFA content was reduced at ∼ 960 relative to ∼ 390 µatm pCO 2 . Effects of carbon enrichment may be different depending on ocean warming scenario or season, e.g. reduced cellular FA content in response to elevated CO 2 at low temperatures only, reflected as reduced food quality for higher trophic levels. Synergy between warming and acidification may be particularly important in polar areas since a narrow thermal window generally limits cold-water organisms.

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“…At present, only two studies on SO species have examined the physiological influence of pH and light in combination, finding that neither the exposure to limiting nor to saturating irradiance levels modulated pH-specific growth responses of the Antarctic diatoms P. alata (Hoogstraten et al, 2012) and C. brevis (Boelen et al, 2007). Similarly, under both constant and fluctuating light no significant pH-effects on growth were observed in C. brevis (Boelen et al, 2007) and C. debilis . In the latter study, however, dynamic light and lowered pH synergistically lowered carbon fixation, potentially due to higher metabolic costs for photoacclimation and PSII repair.…”

Section: Ocean Acidification -Ph and Comentioning

confidence: 94%

“…However, growth and/or carbon fixation of other diatoms (C. brevis, C. debilis, Rhizosolenia cf. alata, P. subcurvata and P. alata) and P. antarctica remained unaffected by lowered pH (Riebesell et al, 1991;Boelen et al, 2007;Hoogstraten et al, 2012;Trimborn et al, 2013;Hoppe et al, 2015) suggesting that overall, the SO phytoplankton species investigated do not seem to benefit from lowered pH levels.…”

Section: Ocean Acidification -Ph and Comentioning

confidence: 95%

Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate

Petrou

Kranz

Trimborn

et al. 2016

Journal of Plant Physiology

114

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Please cite this article in press as: Petrou, K., et al., Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate. J Plant Physiol (2016), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2016.05.004 ARTICLE IN PRESS a b s t r a c tThe Southern Ocean (SO) is a major sink for anthropogenic atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), potentially harbouring even greater potential for additional sequestration of CO 2 through enhanced phytoplankton productivity. In the SO, primary productivity is primarily driven by bottom up processes (physical and chemical conditions) which are spatially and temporally heterogeneous. Due to a paucity of trace metals (such as iron) and high variability in light, much of the SO is characterised by an ecological paradox of high macronutrient concentrations yet uncharacteristically low chlorophyll concentrations. It is expected that with increased anthropogenic CO 2 emissions and the coincident warming, the major physical and chemical process that govern the SO will alter, influencing the biological capacity and functioning of the ecosystem. This review focuses on the SO primary producers and the bottom up processes that underpin their health and productivity. It looks at the major physico-chemical drivers of change in the SO, and based on current physiological knowledge, explores how these changes will likely manifest in phytoplankton, specifically, what are the physiological changes and floristic shifts that are likely to ensue and how this may translate into changes in the carbon sink capacity, net primary productivity and functionality of the SO.

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Neither elevated nor reduced CO2 affects the photophysiological performance of the marine Antarctic diatom Chaetoceros brevis

Cited by 69 publications

References 41 publications

Resistance of Arctic phytoplankton to ocean acidification and enhanced irradiance

Resistance of Arctic phytoplankton to ocean acidification and enhanced irradiance

Synergism between elevated <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature on the Antarctic sea ice diatom <i>Nitzschia lecointei</i>

Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate

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Neither elevated nor reduced CO2 affects the photophysiological performance of the marine Antarctic diatom Chaetoceros brevis

Cited by 69 publications

References 41 publications

Resistance of Arctic phytoplankton to ocean acidification and enhanced irradiance

Resistance of Arctic phytoplankton to ocean acidification and enhanced irradiance

Synergism between elevated &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and temperature on the Antarctic sea ice diatom &lt;i&gt;Nitzschia lecointei&lt;/i&gt;

Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate

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Synergism between elevated <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature on the Antarctic sea ice diatom <i>Nitzschia lecointei</i>