Neisseria meningitidis

Stephens, David S.; Apicella, Michael A.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-4801-3.00213-7

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 377 publications

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“…When N. meningitdis is isolated, antibiotic treatment is continued with benzylpenicillin alone or a third-generation cephalosporin. 19 Penicillin resistance in N. meningitidis is mediated by two known mechanisms: plasmid-mediated ß-lactamase production (MIC > 2 mg/L), which is extremely rare, and altered forms of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) that impair peptidoglycan biosynthesis and confer intermediate resistance to penicillin (MIC 0.12–0.25 mg/L). Although penicillin treatment is still effective against penicillin-intermediate strains, low-dose treatment regimens may fail for cases involving penicillin-resistant isolates (MIC ≥ 0.5 mg/L).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe meningococcal serogroup W sepsis presenting as myocarditis: A case report and review of literature

Aung

Raith

Williams

et al. 2018

Journal of the Intensive Care Society

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The global incidence of invasive meningococcal disease due to serogroup W (MenW) has risen over the last decade. The following case emphasises the atypical features of MenW meningococcaemia, which included myocarditis, a rare but important complication. It also highlights the potential novel role that cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can provide in the diagnosis of MenW myocarditis. Complications of these infections can be avoided with early recognition and susceptibility testing to prevent the use of inappropriate antibiotics and treatment failure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe meningococcal serogroup W sepsis presenting as myocarditis: A case report and review of literature

Aung

Raith

Williams

et al. 2018

Journal of the Intensive Care Society

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“…Older children, teens, and adults are more likely to develop the typical signs and symptoms associated with bacterial meningitis such as vomiting, headache, photophobia, agitation, decreased level of consciousness, and meningismus. Unlike meningitis secondary to Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae, meningococcal meningitis is less likely to present with focal neurological signs and/or seizures [35]. Reported rates of neurologic sequelae vary but are generally lower than in pneumococcal meningitis.…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meningococcal infection may present in a number of ways, ranging from a non-localized febrile illness to fulminant meningitis and/or septicemia [18,34,35]. The most common and severe manifestations of IMD are meningitis and septicemia (meningococcemia).…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reported mortality rates vary, but can range from 20 to 80 % [33]. Complications resulting from this clinical syndrome include skin necrosis, ischemia, and infarction of digits or limbs requiring amputation [35,42].…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The traditional method of confirming IMD is by direct detection of either gram-negative diplococci on gram stain or isolation of N. meningitidis from sterile body fluids, such as cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) or blood [35,43]. In patients who have not received antibiotics prior to sampling, blood cultures have only been reported to be positive in 40-75 % of cases suspicious for meningococcemia.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invasive Meningococcal Disease in the 21st Century—An Update for the Clinician

Dwilow

Fanella

2015

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

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Neisseria meningitidis is a gram-negative diplococcus, for which humans are the only reservoir. While colonization is common, invasive meningococcal disease in the form of meningitis or bacteremia can be devastating and potentially fatal. Certain populations are at higher risk for disease including infants, adolescents, those with asplenia or complement deficiencies, and potentially those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Use of conjugate meningococcal vaccines has impacted disease epidemiology in both high- and low-income countries. Outbreaks of serogroup B disease at university campuses have drawn further attention to the recent development of a novel serogroup B vaccine now approved in many countries. This review covers key aspects of the pathogenesis and management of meningococcal disease, as well as the very recent developments in disease epidemiology, outbreaks, and the evolution of meningococcal immunizations.

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Epidemiology and genetic diversity of invasive Neisseria meningitidis strains circulating in Portugal from 2003 to 2020

Bettencourt,

Nunes,

Nogueira

et al. 2023

Int Microbiol

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Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) continues to be a public health problem due to its epidemic potential, affecting mostly children. We aimed to present a detailed description of the epidemiology of IMD in Portugal, including insights into the genetic diversity of Neisseria meningitidis strains. Epidemiological analysis included data from the Portuguese National Reference Laboratory of Neisseria meningitidis during 2003 to 2020. Since 2012, N. meningitidis isolates have also been assessed for their susceptibility to antibiotics and were characterized by whole genome sequencing. During 2003–2020, 1392 confirmed cases of IMD were analyzed. A decrease in the annual incidence rate was observed, ranging from 1.99 (2003) to 0.39 (2020), with an average case fatality rate of 7.1%. Serogroup B was the most frequent (69.7%), followed by serogroups C (9.7%), Y (5.7%), and W (2.6%). Genomic characterization of 329 isolates identified 20 clonal complexes (cc), with the most prevalent belonging to serogroup B cc41/44 (26.3%) and cc213 (16.3%). Isolates belonging to cc11 were predominantly from serogroups W (77.3%) and C (76.5%), whereas cc23 was dominant from serogroup Y (65.7%). Over the past 4 years (2017–2020), we observed an increasing trend of cases assigned to cc213, cc32, and cc11. Regarding antimicrobial susceptibility, all isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone and 61.8% were penicillin-nonsusceptible, whereas 1.4% and 1.0% were resistant to ciprofloxacin and rifampicin. This is the first detailed study on the epidemiology and genomics of invasive N. meningitidis infections in Portugal, providing relevant data to public health policy makers for a more effective control of this disease.

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Neisseria meningitidis

Cited by 9 publications

References 377 publications

Severe meningococcal serogroup W sepsis presenting as myocarditis: A case report and review of literature

Severe meningococcal serogroup W sepsis presenting as myocarditis: A case report and review of literature

Invasive Meningococcal Disease in the 21st Century—An Update for the Clinician

Epidemiology and genetic diversity of invasive Neisseria meningitidis strains circulating in Portugal from 2003 to 2020

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