Neighborhood Greenness and Chronic Health Conditions in Medicare Beneficiaries

Brown, Scott C.; Lombard, Joanna; Wang, Kefeng; Byrne, Margaret M.; Toro, Matthew; Plater-Zyberk, Elizabeth; Feaster, Daniel J.; Kardys, Jack; Nardi, Maria I.; Perez-Gomez, Gianna; Pantín, Hilda; Szapocznik, José

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2016.02.008

Cited by 142 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Another study of 267,072 adult Australians (≥45 years old) found that the rate of self-report diabetes mellitus was decreased with the increased green space of residential neighborhoods [13]. A study of 249,405 USA elderly (≥65 years) also found greenness significantly reduced diabetes mellitus risk; an increase in NDVI from 1 SD less to 1 SD more than mean was associated with a reduced risk of 14% for diabetes mellitus [14]. Likewise, another three cross-sectional studies conducted in USA [15], the United Kingdom [18], and Canada [20] observed increased neighborhood or street green space was significantly associated with lower individual diabetes mellitus prevalence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have explored the associations of greenness exposure with glucose levels, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus risk, but showed inconsistent results [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. For example, cross-sectional studies conducted in Netherlands, Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada have found that green space had a protective effect on diabetes mellitus [13][14][15]17,18,20], while a cross-sectional study among the Norwegian population found no significant association [8]. Two prospective cohort studies from England and Canada observed a significant association between increased greenness exposure and lower relative hazard of developing diabetes mellitus [9,16], but the Framingham study did not find such a longitudinal association [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations of Residential Greenness with Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Uyghur Adults

Fan

Xue²,

Yuan

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Greenness exposure is nominated as a potential beneficial factor for health, but evidence is limited on its diabetes effects. We conducted a cross-sectional study between May and September 2016 in rural areas of northwestern China, including 4670 Uyghur adults, to explore the associations between residential greenness and fasting glucose levels and diabetes prevalence. Fasting glucose levels were determined, and information on covariates was collected by questionnaire. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) were calculated to assess greenness levels. Generalized linear mixed models were applied to evaluate the associations of greenness with fasting glucose levels and diabetes prevalence. The prevalence of diabetes was 11.6%. We found that living in rural areas characterized by increased amounts of greenness was associated with reduced diabetes prevalence (e.g., NDVI1000m: OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.86, 0.99). Stratified analyses showed that the protective effects of greenness on diabetes prevalence were found only in women (NDVI1000m: OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82, 0.99). However, none of the interaction was statistically significant. Our study suggests that greater residential greenness levels were associated with a lower odds ratio of diabetes prevalence in Xinjiang Uyghur adults. Further well-designed longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Residential Greenness with Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Uyghur Adults

Fan

Xue²,

Yuan

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…The associations between green space, health, and well-being are well described and have been outlined in numerous publications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Ensuring that public green spaces are available and accessible for all population groups can promote contact with nature, social interaction and physical activity (e.g., walking, running, and cycling), and have a positive impact on a range of health outcomes [3,4,[9][10][11][12]. However, some studies have also found that not all public green spaces facilitate physical activity [13,14]; thus, it can be argued that public green spaces have the potential to promote physical activity, but certain characteristics are needed for this to be realised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing Inequity: Evaluation of an Intervention to Improve Accessibility and Quality of a Green Space

Anthun

Maass

Hope

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Green space areas offer several benefits that support our physical, psychological, and social health. However, the level of engagement with green space areas may not be the same across population groups. Using a mixed-method research design, we investigated the use of a green space area and whether and how the area was beneficial for health, social inclusion, and physical activity for all socioeconomic groups in a suburban area in Norway. The study showed significantly increased use of the area from 2015–2018 and that users belonged to different socioeconomic groups. The motivation for using the area was the opportunity to experience nature and to interact socially. While no significant changes in self-rated health, life satisfaction, or levels of physical activity were found, the study indicates that factors such as location, availability, and designated places for social interaction are important motivating factors for use. Users from the lower socioeconomic groups were among the frequent users but were also the least satisfied with the quality and availability of the path. Our findings call for closer consideration of the location and availability of green spaces and that including places for social interaction and relaxation can contribute to increased use of green spaces.

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“…5 Greater walkability could advance the volume, opportunity, and motivation of physical activity and less sedentary behavior. 12,13 It is necessary to use urban design to build healthy and walkable neighborhoods. 14 Previous studies have demonstrated several features of walkability in a neighborhood environment.…”

Section: Prevention Of Non-communicable Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Walkability Influence Residents’ Hypertension in Taiwan: An Analysis of Open Government Data

Yen

2017

IJECS

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Non-communicable diseases have become a serious problem worldwide. Disease prevention focuses on modifiable behavioral and environmental features. Walkable or pedestrian-friendly neighborhoods increase residents' physical activity and decrease the risk and mortality of non-communicable diseases. We examined walkability and the distribution of the rate of outpatients with hypertension in each administrative region in Taiwan and analyzed whether differences in walkability affect the rate of outpatients with hypertension. All data were retrieved from open government data in Taiwan and analyzed using ANOVA and the National Geographic Information System. Regions were divided into four levels, according to the standard deviation of the walkability index. There were significant regional differences in the number of outpatients with hypertension. Regions with the most walkability presented the lowest incidence of outpatients with hypertension, significantly less than incidence in the third and the least walkable regions. Thus, the lack of walkable neighborhoods is an important risk factor for hypertension. Walkable neighborhoods should be considered in urban planning and sport-and health-related policies to promote residents' well-being.

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Neighborhood Greenness and Chronic Health Conditions in Medicare Beneficiaries

Cited by 142 publications

References 36 publications

Associations of Residential Greenness with Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Uyghur Adults

Associations of Residential Greenness with Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Uyghur Adults

Addressing Inequity: Evaluation of an Intervention to Improve Accessibility and Quality of a Green Space

Differences in Walkability Influence Residents’ Hypertension in Taiwan: An Analysis of Open Government Data

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