‘Negotiated planning’: Diverse trajectories of implementation in Nairobi, Addis Ababa, and Harare

Cirolia, Liza Rose; Berrisford, Stephen

doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2016.11.005

Cited by 61 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Twenty-five percent of the city's budget is spent preparing and servicing land for development. Cirolia and Berriford [16] compared the drivers of development in three African capital cities; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Nairobi, Kenya, and Harare, Zimbabwe. They concluded that unlike in Nairobi and Harare, government efforts lead development in Addis Ababa and there has been relatively little private development.…”

Section: Land Tenure Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Rapid Urbanization and Public Housing Development on Urban Form and Density in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Larsen

Yeshitela

Mulatu

et al. 2019

Land

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Urban development is occurring in many Sub-Saharan Africa cities and rapid urbanization is underway in the East African city of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. In an effort to address urban poverty and increase homeownership opportunities for low and middle-income residents, the City Administration of Addis Ababa initiated a large-scale housing development project in 2005. The project has resulted in the completion of 175,000 units within the city with 132,000 more under construction. To understand the impacts of both rapid growth and the housing program’s impact on the city’s urban form, we compared the type and distribution of land uses in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, between 2006 with 2016 using hand-digitized, ortho-rectified satellite images in Geographic Information Systems (GISs). While residential density has increased, overall density has decreased from 109 people/ha to 98 people/ha. We found that between 2006 and 2016, land occupied by residential housing increased from 33% to 39% and the proportion of informal housing decreased from 57% to 38%. Reflecting the country’s economic prosperity, there was a dramatic increase in the presence of single family housing, particularly on the city’s western side. In 2006, only 1% of residential areas were occupied by high-rise condominiums (4 floors or greater) and this increased to 11% by 2016. The majority of the new, higher density residential developments are located near the eastern edges of the city and this outlying location has significant implications for residents, infrastructure construction, and future development.

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Section: Land Tenure Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They concluded that unlike in Nairobi and Harare, government efforts lead development in Addis Ababa and there has been relatively little private development. In contrast with Nairobi and Harare, [16] infrastructure in Addis Ababa follows the planning agenda and leads investment.…”

Section: Land Tenure Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Rapid Urbanization and Public Housing Development on Urban Form and Density in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Larsen

Yeshitela

Mulatu

et al. 2019

Land

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“…Even in relatively lower-fertility countries such as South Africa, major urban centers are expected to grow well beyond their current municipal boundaries. authorities and poor land-use management capacity mean that, even while there are examples of extreme density in 'slums' and informal settlements, the overall African urban form is low density [13]. In particular, unregulated peri-urban construction, often by the urban middle classes or expatriates, has spawned lowrise sprawl or the suburbanization of the countryside, cf [14].…”

Section: Introduction: Urbanization Trends In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Urbanization in Africa: challenges and opportunities for conservation

Güneralp

Lwasa

Masundire

et al. 2017

Environ. Res. Lett.

280

148

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Africa, a continent exceptionally rich in biodiversity, is rapidly urbanizing. Africa's urbanization is manifest in the growth of its megacities as well as that of its smaller towns and cities. The conservation planning and practice will increasingly need to account for direct and indirect impacts of the continent's urbanization. The objective of our study is to pinpoint the outstanding challenges and opportunities afforded by the growing cities on the continent to the conservation goals and practices. While there have been many studies on the impacts of urbanization and development on conservation in Africa these studies tended to focus on specific issues. Here, we provide a synthesis of this body of work supported by new analysis. Urban areas, growing both in population and in land cover, pose threats to the integrity of the continent's ecosystems and biodiversity but their growth also create opportunities for conservation. The burgeoning urban populations, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, increase the strain on already insufficient infrastructure and bring new governance challenges. Yet, Africa's ecosystems can serve as foundations for green infrastructure to serve the needs of its urban populations while safeguarding fragile biodiversity. Overall, while worsening social problems overshadow the concerns for biodiversity there are also promising initiatives to bring these concerns into the fold to address social, institutional, and ecological challenges that emerge with the continued urbanization of the continent.

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“…The findings of Suzuki et al (2010) cited by Cirolia and Berrisford (2017), shows that in Addis, the minimum plot size of 75 m2 means that 75 per cent of the population cannot afford the minimum standards. Similarly, restrictive zoning may prohibit mixed use spaces, thus limiting the opportunities for poor households to create home-based business.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When land prices are very high and regulations cumbersome, this dynamic also affects middle-class households who may also opt for utilising informal systems or 'down raiding' housing intended for the poor (Roy 2009;Lwasa and Kadilo, 2010). Cirolia and Berrisford (2017), in their paper titled "Negotiated planning: Diverse trajectories of implementation in Nairobi, Addis Ababa, and Harare" unraveled how plans are implemented in three African cities: Nairobi, Addis Ababa, and Harare. Three planning implementation instruments form the basis of the comparison across cities.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of The Major Challenges of Compliance to Set Standards for Establishment of Petroleum Filling Stations in Anambra State

2020

JEES

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Considering the high level of non-compliance of petroleum filling stations to the set standards by DPR, NESREA and the Anambra State Physical Planning Board/Local Authorities, this study emerged to determine the major challenges of compliance to set standards for establishment of petroleum filling stations by the petroleum filling stations in Anambra State. This study adopted the survey research design. This involved the use of well-structured questionnaire(s) to generate data by ascertaining first-hand information from the general public (nonprofessionals) and professionals in town planning and development control. 60 professionals and 400 households were sampled. The mean cut-off of 3.0 was calculated from the adopted 5-point likert scale to ascertain the major challenges. After harmonizing the opinion of the Professionals with those of the general public (Non-Professionals), the main challenges to compliance with set standards in the study area were found to include the following: Scarcity of land, Fear of relocation from original business site, Construction or expansion of roads after the petrol station has been constructed, Competition for business sites/spaces, High cost of land, Difficult land acquisition processes, Corruption of law enforcement agents, Improper urban planning, Ignorance of the after effects of activities by the developers, Failure of the Government to properly monitor activities of the filling stations and Godfathering and inequity in enforcing the set standards. The study thus recommended that: there should be strict monitoring of the development control practices and agencies by the government; Scaling down the requirements to be met by developers before land is acquired to aid easy relocation in the case of business expansion will aid compliance; review of standards that are inconsistent with the present day need of urban development will make the present day developers more compliant to these standards. Also ensuring free and fair judgment on all concerned regardless of who owns the petroleum filling station or who is involved (primacy to the rule of law), will restore discipline and enhance compliance. KEYWORDS: Challenges of compliance, set standards for establishment of petroleum filling stations.

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‘Negotiated planning’: Diverse trajectories of implementation in Nairobi, Addis Ababa, and Harare

Cited by 61 publications

References 37 publications

The Impact of Rapid Urbanization and Public Housing Development on Urban Form and Density in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

The Impact of Rapid Urbanization and Public Housing Development on Urban Form and Density in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Urbanization in Africa: challenges and opportunities for conservation

Determination of The Major Challenges of Compliance to Set Standards for Establishment of Petroleum Filling Stations in Anambra State

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