Neglected disease in mentally ill patients: Major tuberculosis outbreak in a psychiatric hospital

Žmak, Ljiljana; Obrovac, Mihaela; Lovric, Zvjezdana; Makek, Mateja Janković; Jankovic, Vera Katalinic

doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2016.09.004

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…3 Many similar outbreaks reported to psychiatric health care facilities had occurred due to bad health behaviors. 4 The aim of this work is to describe the investigations and control measures that were implemented to contain an outbreak of varicella-zoster infection in one of the psychiatric hospitals of KSA. This psychiatric hospital belonging to the middle region-Saudi Arabia reported an outbreak, of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection among patients and health care workers.…”

Section: Discussion and Comparison With Literaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of varicella outbreak among residents and healthcare workers in psychiatric hospital- Saudi Arabia

Alanazi

Saleh

Hathout

et al. 2020

Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health

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Background: Outbreak is an infection control challenge in health care setting especially when it occurs in a special setting as psychiatric hospitals. Objectives: Investigate and control an outbreak of varicella among patients and healthcare workers (HCWs) in a psychiatric hospital of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A multidisciplinary team of different specialties assigned to assess the situation, confirm the diagnosis, identify the causes and put an action plan to deal with such a situation. Results: The team investigated the varicella outbreak as per the Ministry of Health's (MOH) outbreak guidelines. Multiple risk factors contributed to this outbreak as the location of the outbreak in a psychiatric hospital, breaches in the hospital infection control program. Conclusion: Investigation of this outbreak was conducted as per MOH and CDC definitions and guidelines. Outbreak control plan was instituted and successfully implemented including enforcement of infection control program, the establishment of an employee health program, basic infection control orientation programs.

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Section: Discussion and Comparison With Literaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of varicella outbreak among residents and healthcare workers in psychiatric hospital- Saudi Arabia

Alanazi

Saleh

Hathout

et al. 2020

Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…While reactivation of LTBI is the dominant driver of TB incidence for most low-incidence settings, there remains compelling potential for extensive outbreaks of recent transmission that can fuel larger epidemics and lead to secondary outbreaks elsewhere. [7][8][9][10][11][12] Hence, in addition to LTBI interventions, preventing transmission remains a key pillar in global TB control programs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cluster-based Method to Quantify Individual Heterogeneity in Tuberculosis Transmission

et al. 2021

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Background: Recent evidence suggests transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) may be characterized by extreme individual heterogeneity in secondary cases (i.e., few cases account for the majority of transmission). Such heterogeneity implies outbreaks are rarer but more extensive and has profound implications in infectious disease control. However, discrete person-to-person transmission events in tuberculosis (TB) are often unobserved, precluding our ability to directly quantify individual heterogeneity in TB epidemiology. Methods: We used a modified negative binomial branching process model to quantify the extent of individual heterogeneity using only observed transmission cluster size distribution data (i.e., the simple sum of all cases in a transmission chain) without knowledge of individual-level transmission events. The negative binomial parameter k quantifies the extent of individual heterogeneity (generally, k < 1 indicates extensive heterogeneity, and as k → ∞ transmission becomes more homogenous). We validated the robustness of the inference procedure considering common limitations affecting cluster size data. Finally, we demonstrate the epidemiologic utility of this method by applying it to aggregate US molecular surveillance data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results: The cluster-based method reliably inferred k using TB transmission cluster data despite a high degree of bias introduced into the model. We found that the TB transmission in the United States was characterized by a high propensity for extensive outbreaks ( ˆ. k = 0 09; 95% confidence interval = 0.09, 0.10). Conclusions:The proposed method can accurately quantify critical parameters that govern TB transmission using simple, more easily obtainable cluster data to improve our understanding of TB epidemiology.

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Bundle management strategy in reducing hospital-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients with mental disorders

Han

Yan

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionThe incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is high in the medical setting for mental disorders. To date, effective measurements for preventing HAP in hospitalized mental disorder patients are unavailable.MethodsThis study was conducted at the Large-Scale Mental Health Center of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan, China) in two phases: baseline phase (January 2017–December 2019) and intervention phase (May 2020–April 2022). In the intervention phase, the HAP bundle management strategy was implemented in the Mental Health Center, and the data on HAP were collected continuously for analysis.ResultsA total of 18,795 and 9,618 patients were included in the baseline and intervention phases, respectively. The age, gender, ward admitted to, type of mental disorder, and Charlson comorbidity index did not differ significantly. After intervention, the rate of HAP occurrence decreased from 0.95 to 0.52% (P < 0.001). Specifically, the HAP rate decreased from 1.70 to 0.95% (P = 0.007) in the closed ward and from 0.63 to 0.35% (P = 0.009) in the open ward. The HAP rate in the subgroups was higher in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (1.66 vs. 0.74%) and organic mental disorders (4.92 vs. 1.41%), and in those ≥65 years old (2.82 vs. 1.11%) but decreased significantly after intervention (all P < 0.05).ConclusionThe implementation of the HAP bundle management strategy reduced the occurrence of HAP in hospitalized patients with mental disorders.

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Neglected disease in mentally ill patients: Major tuberculosis outbreak in a psychiatric hospital

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Investigation of varicella outbreak among residents and healthcare workers in psychiatric hospital- Saudi Arabia

Investigation of varicella outbreak among residents and healthcare workers in psychiatric hospital- Saudi Arabia

A Cluster-based Method to Quantify Individual Heterogeneity in Tuberculosis Transmission

Bundle management strategy in reducing hospital-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients with mental disorders

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