Negative Results of Tocopherol Therapy in Cardiovascular Disease

Donegan, Charles K.; Messer, Addison L.; Orgain, Edward S.; Ruffin, Juliax M.

doi:10.1097/00000441-194903000-00008

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…8 This concept has led to the hypothesis that low plasma antioxidant status is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. 12 Studies on the possible beneficial effects of vitamin E on heart disease began in 1949, 13 but the results of such studies have been inconclusive. Vitamin E was reported to decrease the severity of atherosclerosis in a Dutch-belted rabbit model 14,15 and in primates, 16 but had no effect in a WHHL rabbit model.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Antioxidants Do Not Reduce Fatty Streak Formation in the C57BL/6 Mouse Atherosclerosis Model

Munday

Thompson

James

et al. 1998

ATVB

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Abstract-Epidemiological studies and animal trials have suggested that dietary antioxidants protect against atherosclerosis. To test this hypothesis, C57BL/6 mice were fed atherogenic diets supplemented with either vitamin E or butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Three groups of 20 mice were fed for 15 weeks on diets containing 1% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid. The diet of two groups was supplemented with either 2% vitamin E or 1% BHT. The control group received no antioxidant supplements. The lowest mean serum cholesterol concentration was measured in mice supplemented with vitamin E. Mean serum HDL cholesterol concentrations were highest in the control group, which also had the highest ratio of HDL cholesterol to total cholesterol. Mice fed BHT developed a significantly greater area of aortic fatty streak lesions than the other two groups. However, despite having a more atherogenic lipoprotein profile, mice fed vitamin E developed a level of fatty streak formation similar to the control group. At the end of the trial, mice consuming the vitamin E-and BHT-supplemented diets had higher serum total antioxidant levels than the control mice. Because of changes to lipid metabolism caused by both vitamin E and BHT, the results of this study cannot be used to support the hypothesis that antioxidants confer protection against atherosclerosis. The results do, however, raise the possibility that other studies demonstrating an antiatherogenic action of vitamin E and BHT may have been influenced by their effects on lipid metabolism. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1998;18:114-119.)

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confidence: 99%

Dietary Antioxidants Do Not Reduce Fatty Streak Formation in the C57BL/6 Mouse Atherosclerosis Model

Munday

Thompson

James

et al. 1998

ATVB

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“…All reports of studies of the effect of vitamin E therapy upon angina pectoris and the course of ischemic heart disease have been negative except those from the Shute clinic. Studies by Donegan et al 40 convincing new information has been forthcoming from the Shute Clinic. 44 (3) Congestive heart failure.…”

Section: Pharmacologic Use Of Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Vitamin D in doses of 100 times the estimated daily requirement has been used to treat hypoparathyroidism and vitamin Dresistant rickets. Vitamin A, likewise, has been used in pharmacologic doses to treat certain skin disorders as shown in figure 1 In a subsequent longer study lasting 40 weeks, Livingstone and Jones38 reported positive results in a double blind study employing 34 patients. Seventy per cent of the vitamin E treated patients appeared to improve whereas only 10% of the patients receiving placebos improved.…”

Section: Pharmacologic Use Of Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin E and Its Relation to Heart Disease

Olson

1973

Circulation

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Although vitamin E deficiency in ruminants results in conspicuous heart disease, a similar deficiency state in primates appears to spare the heart, even when other systems are affected. No heart disease in man has been related to a vitamin E deficiency. The pharmacologic use of vitamin E in doses 10 to 50 times the daily requirement was recommended in 1947 for the treatment of a variety of cardiovascular disorders, including intermittent claudication, angina pectoris, coronary occlusion, congestive heart failure, thrombophlebitis and thromboembolism, but no evidence of its effectiveness has been convincingly verified during the ensuing 25 years.

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“…The initial citation is a letter published in the periodical Nature in 1946 that provides a conclusion without actual results; the methods are scant, and it is unclear whether the study is a case series or clinical trial (Vogalsang and Shute, 1946). Subsequently, the D&H report mentions several clinical trials of persons with angina that are nonconfirmatory (Anderson and Reid, 1974;Donegan et al, 1949;Makinson et al, 1948;Rinzler et al, 1950). The trials were typically small in size and of suboptimal design.…”

Section: Diet and Health Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Evidence for Selected Nutrient and Disease Relationships

2002

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The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The serpent adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatliche Museen in Berlin. "Knowing is not enough; we must apply. Willing is not enough; we must do."-Goethe INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE Shaping the Future for Health The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Wm. A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both

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Negative Results of Tocopherol Therapy in Cardiovascular Disease

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Dietary Antioxidants Do Not Reduce Fatty Streak Formation in the C57BL/6 Mouse Atherosclerosis Model

Dietary Antioxidants Do Not Reduce Fatty Streak Formation in the C57BL/6 Mouse Atherosclerosis Model

Vitamin E and Its Relation to Heart Disease

Evolution of Evidence for Selected Nutrient and Disease Relationships

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