“…A combination of liquid crystal and polymeric network can form a new materialliquid crystal elastomers (LCEs). The special molecular combination endows LCEs with many unique properties such as soft elasticity [Dey et al, 2013;Biggins et al, 2012;Brown and Adams, 2012;Adams and Warner, 2005] and multi-responsiveness [Corbett and Warner, 2009;Finkelmann and Shahinpoor, 2002;Petsch et al, 2014;Xing et al, 2015], which have led to myriad applications ranging from artificial muscle [Finkelmann and Shahinpoor, 2002;Li and Keller, 2006] to stretchable optical devices [Schmidtke et al, 2005;Shilov et al, 1998;Schmidtke et al, 2002;. Recently, several biological materials such as actin filament network [Dalhaimer et al, 2007] and fibrillar collagens [Knight and Vollrath, 2002] have also been found to have similar molecular structure and behaviors as synthesized LCEs.…”