Negative Pleural Fluid Cultures among Patients with Pleural Effusion in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: A systematic approach to analysis of the fluid in conjunction with the clinical presentation allows clinicians to diagnose the cause of an effusion, narrow the differential diagnoses, and design a management plan. However, the number of cases where pleural fluid examination gives no proper diagnosis is depressingly high. This study aims to find out the prevalence of negative pleural fluid cultures among patients with pleural effusion in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional conducted among 273 patients with pleural effusion admitted to a tertiary care hospital between January, 2019 and February, 2020. Ethical clearance was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 134/20). Convenience sampling was done. All patients whose pleural fluid was sent for analysis during the study period were included in the study. Pleural fluid analysis was done, and data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 25.0. Point estimate was done at a 95% Confidence Interval along with frequency and percentages for binary data. Results: Among 273 pleural fluid cultures from patients with pleural effusion, negative pleural fluid cultures were seen in 269 (98.53%) (97.12-99.96 at a 95% Confidence Interval). Conclusions: Our study reported that the prevalence of negative pleural fluid cultures was higher when compared to similar studies conducted in similar settings. The routine pleural fluid analysis could add a very little to the diagnosis and management of pleural effusion.

Microbiological analysis of urinary calculi: A study from a tertiary care hospital of Eastern India

“…Although UTI is known to be common among female population, 2,9 as the study envisages UTI in patients with diagnosed urinary stones, any of the previous researchers have documented increased high prevalence and male predominance among patients. 1,10 Contrary to our findings, female predominance has been reported by Koirala et al 11 A new trend with more female involvement has been noted over near past that may be attributed to change in lifestyle. 12,13 Out of 100 samples, bacterial growth on culture was obtained from the urine samples of 46 patients.…”

“…Many previous researchers have reported unanimously that the most common organism isolated from culture of the urine samples obtained from the patients with urinary calculi is E.coli. 1,5,8,14 Whole stone culture of 24 patients showed bacterial growth, while nidus culture was positive for 22 samples. The bacteriological profile obtained was similar to that noted on urine culture.…”

“…Urinary calculi or urolithiasis has been recognized as the most common renal morbidity globally as well as in India. 1 This condition dates back to 7000 years old during Egyptian mummy. Although urinary calculi are not fatal, it causes excruciating pain to the patient and requires immediate medical care.…”

Perbandingan Mikroorganisme Pada Kultur Urin Pre-Operasi Dan Kultur Batu Pasca Operasi Pada Pasien Batu Saluran Kemih

“…5 Angka kejadian infeksi pada pasien batu saluran kemih adalah 7 -60%. 6,7 Angka kejadian ini diperoleh dari pemeriksaan baku emas yang umumnya dilakukan, yaitu kultur urin dan resistensi antibiotik. Pemeriksaan ini merupakan salah satu pemeriksaan rutin sebelum dilakukannya operasi pada pasien untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat bakteri pada urine pasien, jenis bakteri dan resistensinya terhadap antibiotik.…”