The muonium atom can properly be regarded as an ultra light isotope of hydrogen, in which the proton nucleus is replaced by a positive muon of only one-ninth its mass. Within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, the chemical identical up to differences in reaction dynamics; thus, mu onium chemistry studies greatly extend the range of observ able mass-sensitive effects in chemical kinetics. The theo retical background of muonium chemistry is presented and applied to thermal kinetic studies in both gas-and liquid -phase systems, drawing on current experimental results (primarily from TRIUMF and SIN) which reveal both nor mal and inverse dynamic isotope effects. Associated phe nomena such as muonium hot atom reactions are also dis cussed./chemical reactions of hydrogen atoms constitute some of the most ^ elementary processes in physical chemistry. The theory of the absolute rates of such reactions often has been clarified by measurements of isotope effects, differences in the reactions of the three naturally occurring isotopes of hydrogen: protium, deuterium, and tritium. The positronium (Ps) atom has been thought of as an ultralight isotope of hydrogen, but the analogy is poor, since chemical binding of Ps is a 'Present address: