Negative interactive effects between biochar and phosphorus fertilization on phosphorus availability and plant yield in saline sodic soil

Abstract

• Lower pyrolysis temperature (b 400°C) biochar retained P availability and increased plant growth.• Negative (antagonistic) interaction occurred between biochar and P fertilization on the biomass production and plant P concentration • Very limited utility value of biochar application occurred in saline sodic soil. G R A P H I C A L A B S T R A C TThe growth of Suaeda salsa in biochar amended saline sodic soils with (P 1 ) or without (P 0 ) P fertilization.a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Little is known about the interactive effects between biochar application and phosphorus (P) fertilization on plant growth and P uptake. For this purpose, five wheat straw biochars (produced at 25°C, 300°C, 400°C, 500°C and 600°C for 4 h) with equal P (36 mg kg −1 ) amount, with and without additional P fertilization (100 mg kg) were applied in a pot experiment to investigate the growth of Suaeda salsa and their uptake of P from biochar and P fertilization amended saline sodic soil. Soil P fractions, dry matter yield, and plant P concentrations were determined after harvesting 90 days. Our results confirmed that relatively lower pyrolysis temperature (b400°C) biochar retained P availability and increased plant growth. The plant P concentration was significantly correlated with NaHCO 3 -P i (P b 0.05), and NaOH-P i (P b 0.1) during early incubation time (4 days) for biochar amended soil. As revealed by statistical analysis, a significant (P b 0.05) negative (antagonistic) interaction occurred between biochar and P fertilization on the biomass production and plant P concentration. For plant biomass, the effects size of biochar (B), P, and their interaction followed the order of B × P (0.819) N B (0.569) ≈ P (0.568) based on the partial Eta squared values whereas the order changed as P (0.782) N B (0.562) N B × P (0.515) for plant P concentration. When biochar and P fertilization applied together, phosphate precipitation/sorption reaction occurred in saline sodic soil which explained the decreased plant P Contents lists available at ScienceDirectScience of the Total Environment j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / s c i t o t e n v availability and plant yield in saline sodic soil. The negative interaction effects between biochar and P fertilization indicated limited utility value of biochar application in saline sodic soil.

Mixed Hardwood and Sugarcane Bagasse Biochar as Potting Mix Components for Container Tomato and Basil Seedling Production

“…Pyrolysis biochar is generated from biomass thermo-chemical decomposition in oxygen-depleted or oxygen-limited atmosphere [7][8][9]. Biochar has been considered as a sustainable material because it can be derived from various sources, such as pinewood [3,10,11], 2 of 14 green waste [12], wood, sugarcane bagasse [13], straw [14][15][16][17][18], bark [19], rice hull [20], and wheat straw [16,21]. For the same reason, biochar properties can vary widely [22].…”

Effect of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on Phosphorus Fractions and Their Availability in Biochar-Amended Mollisols of Northeast China (Laboratory Experiment)

“…In addition, biochar alters soil surface chemistry owing to its large surface area and high negative surface charge and, therefore, affects P distribution in soils [27]. Previous studies on biochar amendment predominantly concentrated on soil nutrient availability and crop productivity during the growing period, without considering the effects of biochar amendment on the P fractions after freeze-thaw cycles [28][29][30]. This suggests that clarifying the response of P fractions to biochar amendment during freeze-thaw cyclesis essential for sustainable agricultural development in black soil regions.…”

Integration into plant biology and soil science has provided insights into the total environment

“…Plant biology is extremely interdisciplinary, reaching from agricultural science to paleobotany to soil science and molecular physiology to ecology. It uses the latest developments in computer science, optics, molecular biology, and genomics to address challenges in model systems, agricultural crops, and ecosystems; and explores the form, function, development, diversity, reproduction, evolution, and uses of both higher and lower plants, as well as their interactions with other organisms throughout the biosphere Sytar et al, 2016;Mao et al, 2016;Li et al, 2016aLi et al, , 2016bXu et al, 2016aXu et al, , 2016bXu et al, , 2016cZhang et al, 2016) (Fig. 1).…”

“…The following is to summarize the main results and their implications for the 20 accepted articles in the special topic. Xu et al (2016aXu et al ( , 2016bXu et al ( , 2016c and Sun et al (2016aSun et al ( , 2016b P NMR technique to analyze P transformation under different pyrolysis temperatures and further compared effects of biochar and P fertilizers on P availability and plant biomass, providing good reference for utilizing biochar amendment into salt-soil. Long et al (2016aLong et al ( , 2016b) discussed about the current status of developing coastal mudflat areas in China by taking Yancheng, Jiangsu as an example and basing on their practical work for more than 20 years.…”

“…Lu et al (2016a, b) reported the methodology of high-efficient use P, avoiding P loss and pollution in coastal zone by constructing periphyton technique. Zhang et al (2016)and Xu et al (2016aXu et al ( , 2016bXu et al ( , 2016c) applied molecular techniques to investigate related gene expression of important coastal crops and vegetables, providing insights into molecular breeding for salt-soil agriculture and sustainable use of salt-soil. Bai et al (2016)reported the latest result by using sewage sludge as an initial fertility driver for rapid improvement of mudflat salt-soil, starting a new way for raising salt-soil fertility on large-scale with low cost.…”