Negative findings from serological studies of equine morbillivirus in the Queensland horse population

Mp, Ward; Black, Peter; Childs, A J; Baldock, F. C.; Webster, W. R.; Rodwell, B.J.; Brouwer, S L

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1996.tb15412.x

Cited by 45 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In the original Hendra outbreak, 21 horses were infected but the disease did not spread from the original foci, even though there was a sizeable equine population in racing stables or associated with the training track in the neighborhood (Ward et al, 1996;McCormack et al, 1999). Likewise, there was no spread in the other two outbreaks.…”

Section: Hendra Virus (Hev)mentioning

confidence: 79%

Henipaviruses: Gaps in the Knowledge of Emergence

et al. 2004

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Over the past 10 years many ''new'' viruses have been identified in Australia and the Asian region.The viruses have been isolated from, and/or identified in, a range of animals; some of these viruses are of veterinary and medical importance while others are new threats to biodiversity. Of these viruses, Hendra and Nipah viruses have emerged as significant zoonotic agents belonging to the family Paramyxoviridae and genusHenipavirus. These agents cause fatalities in a range of animals including horses, pigs, and humans. Both viruses have been isolated from flying foxes (genus Pteropus; suborder Megachiroptera), which are accepted as their natural hosts. Although some research has been undertaken on the viruses and their hosts, little is known about how these viruses emerge. We have attempted to investigate the current knowledge of the bat-Henipavirus ecology by discussing the range of bat viruses that exist (viral assemblage), the significance of evolving viruses, possible functional role(s) of viruses, the ecology of viruses and their hosts, and identifying possible drivers (selection pressures) that may culminate with the overlap of new potential viral hosts thereby facilitating the replication of fit viral populations in a new host-virus continuum(s). By undertaking such an analysis, we have attempted to identify key questions, which should be investigated if the factors involved in ''driving'' Henipavirus emergence are to be understood.

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Section: Hendra Virus (Hev)mentioning

confidence: 79%

Henipaviruses: Gaps in the Knowledge of Emergence

et al. 2004

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“…Following the 1994 Brisbane HeV outbreak, a state‐wide serological survey of over 2000 Queensland horses failed to demonstrate cases of HeV infection outside the index property (Ward et al., 1996). The finding indicated that HeV did not circulate within horse populations and implicated a reservoir species as the source of infection of horses.…”

Section: Bats As Hosts To the Henipavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Henipaviruses: An Updated Review Focusing on the Pteropid Reservoir and Features of Transmission

Clayton

Wang

Marsh

2012

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Summary The henipaviruses, Hendra virus and Nipah virus, are pathogens that have emerged from flying foxes in Australia and South‐east Asia to infect both livestock and humans, often fatally. Since the emergence of Hendra virus in Australia in 1994 and the identification of Australian flying foxes as hosts to this virus, our appreciation of bats as reservoir hosts of henipaviruses has expanded globally to include much of Asia and areas of Africa. Despite this, little is currently known of the mechanisms by which bats harbour viruses capable of causing such severe disease in other terrestrial mammals. Pteropid bat ecology, henipavirus virology, therapeutic developments and features of henipavirus infection, pathology and disease in humans and other mammals are reviewed elsewhere in detail. This review focuses on bats as reservoir hosts to henipaviruses and features of transmission of Hendra virus and Nipah virus following spillover from these reservoir hosts.

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“…More than 2,000 horses were tested and were negative. More than 5,000 serum samples from 46 other species were tested and were also negative [11,12]. However, subsequent investigations revealed that 20 of 224 serum samples from four species of Australian bats (belonging to the suborder Megachiroptera) were positive for neutralizing antibodies to the newly described member of the Paramyxoviridae [13, 13a].…”

Section: Seroepidemiologic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Disease in Australia Caused by a Novel Member of the Paramyxoviridae

Paterson¹,

Murray²,

McCormack³

1998

CLIN INFECT DIS

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Twenty-three horses and three humans in Queensland, Australia, were infected with a novel member of the Paramyxoviridae family of viruses in two geographically distinct outbreaks. Two of the humans died-one died of rapid-onset respiratory illness, and the other died of encephalitis. The third infected human developed an influenza-like illness and made a complete recovery. All infected humans had close contact with sick horses. Since the two outbreaks occurred at sites 1,000 km apart and no known contact between the two groups of humans and horses occurred, extensive testing of animals and birds common to the two areas was conducted. Fruit bats (Pteropus species) were found to carry a virus identical to that found in the infected humans and horses. Although there was no contact between the infected humans and the bats, some form of close contact between the horses and bats is the likely mode of infection.

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Negative findings from serological studies of equine morbillivirus in the Queensland horse population

Cited by 45 publications

References 6 publications

Henipaviruses: Gaps in the Knowledge of Emergence

Henipaviruses: Gaps in the Knowledge of Emergence

Henipaviruses: An Updated Review Focusing on the Pteropid Reservoir and Features of Transmission

Zoonotic Disease in Australia Caused by a Novel Member of the Paramyxoviridae

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