Negative effects of ultrafine particle exposure during forced exercise on the expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in the hippocampus of rats

Bos, Inge; Boever, Patrick De; Panis, Luc Int; Sarre, Sophie; Meeusen, Romain

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.07.057

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Prior to cDNA synthesis, RNA samples were subjected to DNase treatment (DNA-free™ Kit, Invitrogen). cDNA synthesis and qPCR reactions were performed as described previously [33]. PrimeTime™ assays obtained from Integrated DNA Technologies were used (Leuven, Belgium).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of the sFLT1 Gene in Cord Blood Cells Is Associated to Maternal Arsenic Exposure and Decreased Birth Weight

et al. 2014

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There is increasing epidemiologic evidence that arsenic exposure in utero is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and may contribute to long-term health effects. These effects may occur at low environmental exposures but the underlying molecular mechanism is not clear. We collected cord blood samples of 183 newborns to identify associations between arsenic levels and birth anthropometric parameters in an area with very low arsenic exposure. Our core research aim was to screen for transcriptional marks that mechanistically explain these associations. Multiple regression analyses showed that birth weight decreased with 47 g (95% CI: 16–78 g) for an interquartile range increase of 0.99 μg/L arsenic. The model was adjusted for child’s sex, maternal smoking during pregnancy, gestational age, and parity. Higher arsenic concentrations and reduced birth weight were positively associated with changes in expression of the sFLT1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1) gene in cord blood cells in girls. The protein product of sFLT1 is a scavenger of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the extracellular environment and plays a key role in the inhibition of placental angiogenesis. In terms of fetal development, inhibition of placental angiogenesis leads to impaired nutrition and hence to growth retardation. Various genes related to DNA methylation and oxidative stress showed also changed expression in relation to arsenic exposure but were not related to birth outcome parameters. In conclusion, this study suggests that increased expression of sFLT1 is an intermediate marker that points to placental angiogenesis as a pathway linking prenatal arsenic exposure to reduced birth weight.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details of the 5′ exonuclease PrimeTime™ assays that were used are given in Table S3 . qPCR data processing was performed using the LightCycler software [33]. Stability of the reference genes (GNB2L1, RPLP0, RPL13A) was verified using geNorm [34].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the sFLT1 Gene in Cord Blood Cells Is Associated to Maternal Arsenic Exposure and Decreased Birth Weight

et al. 2014

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Section: Nrf2 Signaling In Response To Acute Exercisementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Treadmill exercise lasting less than one hour elicited no change in Nrf2 mRNA, or protein expression [40], [49], [50]. As duration was increased to 90-min or more, Nrf2 activation became apparent in both skeletal muscle tissue and in brain homogenate with significant increases in Nrf2 protein expression in skeletal muscle and gene expression increasing in both tissues [40], [49]. In an extreme example of endurance exercise, Li and colleagues [50] demonstrated no difference in Nrf2 activity in mice running for 1-h on the treadmill, but robust increases in Nrf2 nuclear accumulation and Nrf2-ARE binding following a 6-h session on the treadmill.…”

Section: Nrf2 Signaling In Response To Acute Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Nrf2 mediates redox adaptations to exercise

2016

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The primary aim of this review is to summarize the current literature on the effects of acute exercise and regular exercise on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity and downstream targets of Nrf2 signaling. Nrf2 (encoded in humans by the NFE2L2 gene) is the master regulator of antioxidant defenses, a transcription factor that regulates expression of more than 200 cytoprotective genes. Increasing evidence indicates that Nrf2 signaling plays a key role in how oxidative stress mediates the beneficial effects of exercise. Episodic increases in oxidative stress induced through bouts of acute exercise stimulate Nrf2 activation and when applied repeatedly, as with regular exercise, leads to upregulation of endogenous antioxidant defenses and overall greater ability to counteract the damaging effects of oxidative stress. The evidence of Nrf2 activation in response to exercise across variety of tissues may be an important mechanism of how exercise exerts its well-known systemic effects that are not limited to skeletal muscle and myocardium. Additionally there are emerging data that results from animal studies translate to humans.

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“…In animals, inhalation of diesel exhaust and ultrafine particles results in elevated cytokine expression and oxidative stress in the brain [2,3] and altered animal behavior [4,5]. In children, exposure to traffic-related air pollutants during pregnancy or infancy, when the brain neocortex rapidly develops, has been related to cognitive delays [6–8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Traffic-Related Air Pollution in Schools and Cognitive Development in Primary School Children: A Prospective Cohort Study

et al. 2015

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BackgroundAir pollution is a suspected developmental neurotoxicant. Many schools are located in close proximity to busy roads, and traffic air pollution peaks when children are at school. We aimed to assess whether exposure of children in primary school to traffic-related air pollutants is associated with impaired cognitive development.Methods and FindingsWe conducted a prospective study of children (n = 2,715, aged 7 to 10 y) from 39 schools in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) exposed to high and low traffic-related air pollution, paired by school socioeconomic index; children were tested four times (i.e., to assess the 12-mo developmental trajectories) via computerized tests (n = 10,112). Chronic traffic air pollution (elemental carbon [EC], nitrogen dioxide [NO2], and ultrafine particle number [UFP; 10–700 nm]) was measured twice during 1-wk campaigns both in the courtyard (outdoor) and inside the classroom (indoor) simultaneously in each school pair. Cognitive development was assessed with the n-back and the attentional network tests, in particular, working memory (two-back detectability), superior working memory (three-back detectability), and inattentiveness (hit reaction time standard error). Linear mixed effects models were adjusted for age, sex, maternal education, socioeconomic status, and air pollution exposure at home.Children from highly polluted schools had a smaller growth in cognitive development than children from the paired lowly polluted schools, both in crude and adjusted models (e.g., 7.4% [95% CI 5.6%–8.8%] versus 11.5% [95% CI 8.9%–12.5%] improvement in working memory, p = 0.0024). Cogently, children attending schools with higher levels of EC, NO2, and UFP both indoors and outdoors experienced substantially smaller growth in all the cognitive measurements; for example, a change from the first to the fourth quartile in indoor EC reduced the gain in working memory by 13.0% (95% CI 4.2%–23.1%). Residual confounding for social class could not be discarded completely; however, the associations remained in stratified analyses (e.g., for type of school or high-/low-polluted area) and after additional adjustments (e.g., for commuting, educational quality, or smoking at home), contradicting a potential residual confounding explanation.ConclusionsChildren attending schools with higher traffic-related air pollution had a smaller improvement in cognitive development.

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Negative effects of ultrafine particle exposure during forced exercise on the expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in the hippocampus of rats

Cited by 22 publications

References 63 publications

Expression of the sFLT1 Gene in Cord Blood Cells Is Associated to Maternal Arsenic Exposure and Decreased Birth Weight

Expression of the sFLT1 Gene in Cord Blood Cells Is Associated to Maternal Arsenic Exposure and Decreased Birth Weight

Nrf2 mediates redox adaptations to exercise

Association between Traffic-Related Air Pollution in Schools and Cognitive Development in Primary School Children: A Prospective Cohort Study

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