Negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on nurses can be buffered by a sense of humor and appreciation

Bartzik, Marek; Aust, Fabienne; Peifer, Corinna

doi:10.1186/s12912-021-00770-5

Cited by 28 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Coping strategies are important for nurses to handle the COVID-19 pandemic ( Bartzik, Aust & Corinna Peifer, 2021 ). Despite the critical situation, analyses carried out by many researchers all over the world during the COVID-19 pandemic show that nurses have enough resources to employ constructive coping strategies ( Sehularo et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Juczyński & Ogińska-Bulik (2012a) , humor and venting are less effective in coping with stress, although they are very useful in some situations. On the other hand, Bartzik, Aust & Corinna Peifer (2021) believe that the sense of humor and appreciation are two resources that help nurses deal with the COVID-19 pandemic. Literature data also show that the most common way of reducing negative consequences of distress and maintaining the sense of security is access to reliable information ( Heitzman, 2020 ; Folkman & Moskowitz, 2004 ; Lai et al, 2020 ; Chen et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stress coping strategies used by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic

Sierakowska

Doroszkiewicz

2022

PeerJ

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Introduction The risk of getting SARS-CoV-2 infection, worries about exposing loved ones, anxiety and frustration, emotional and physical exhaustion, burn out, a feeling of being overwhelmed, and struggles and challenges with parenting are a few among many factors that affect nurses’ personal lives and professional functioning. The aim of the research is to assess nurses’ level of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic and their sense of self-efficacy, and to learn what coping strategies they use. Methodology/Methods The study was carried out online and based on the diagnostic poll method, using an original survey questionnaire, the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES 10–40), the Mini-COPE questionnaire (0–3), and the Perceived Stress Scale PSS-10 (0–40). The respondent group was made up of nurses (n = 220) who provide health services in inpatient and outpatient health care institutions in the northeastern region of Poland. The statistical analysis was performed using the STATISTICA 13.0 package (StatSoft). The distribution of variables was checked with Shapiro-Wilk tests. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare two independent samples, while the Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare more samples. The adopted statistical significance level was p < 0.05. Multivariate regression analysis was applied to determine which factors were related to the level of stress. Results The mean age of the participants was 43.3 years. The vast majority were women (96.4). The mean work experience of the nurses was over 20 years (58.2%). A total of 62.3% worked directly with patients in hospitals, including 11.8% respondents working at COVID-19 units and 37.7% working at primary care institutions. The analyses show that the respondents represented a high level of stress (PSS-10 – 20.9), related to their work experience as a nurse (β −0.250, p = 0.014), the number of hours worked a month (β 0.156, p = 0.015), and self-assessed health status (β −0.145, p = 0.037). They declared an average sense of self-efficacy (GSES – 29.1), which significantly depended on the nurses’ places of employment (p = 0.044). Out of stress coping strategies (Mini-COPE), the younger nurses mentioned venting (p = 0.010), instrumental support (p = 0.011), sense of humour (p = 0.013) and self-blame (0.031). Practice nurses also chose the strategy of behavioral disengagement (p = 0.032), and nurse managers chose the strategy of planning (p = 0.018). Conclusions The experience of the COVID-19 pandemic highlights the need to implement some strategies to protect nurses’ mental health and to take extensive prevention measures in critical situations. Special attention should be given to nurses who are younger and have shorter work experience. It is also important to monitor nurses’ working time and health status, and those who work at outpatient health care institutions should be given more support and information.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress coping strategies used by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic

Sierakowska

Doroszkiewicz

2022

PeerJ

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“…Evidence from Ethiopia showed that 22.9, 19.2 and 28.2% of nurses suffered from depression, anxiety and stress, respectively [ 8 ]. The COVID-19 pandemic heightened the stress levels of health workers, especially nurses [ 18 , 19 ]. Comparatively, nurses felt more stressed during the COVID-19 pandemic than before the pandemic [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The COVID-19 pandemic heightened the stress levels of health workers, especially nurses [ 18 , 19 ]. Comparatively, nurses felt more stressed during the COVID-19 pandemic than before the pandemic [ 18 ]. Another study in Portugal reported that COVID-19 led to an increase in the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among nurses compared to the general population [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and determinants of depression, anxiety and stress among psychiatric nurses in Ghana: a cross-sectional study

2022

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Background The job demand and stress associated with the nursing profession expose nurses to an increased risk of psychiatric morbidities such as anxiety and depression. This study assessed the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among psychiatric nurses in Ghana. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in three psychiatric hospitals in Ghana between March 2020 and May 2021. Simple random sampling technique were used to select 311 psychiatric nurses. Beck’s Depression Inventory, Beck’s Anxiety Inventory and Perceived Stress Scale were used to assess depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. Data were analysed using SPSS version 23.0. Results The results showed that 19.6% of psychiatric nurses experienced mild to severe depression, 27% mild to severe anxiety and 42% mild to high stress. Regression analysis showed that participants with a diploma qualification had higher odds of having moderate depression compared to those with a master’s degree. In terms of stress, participants with a diploma qualification were 29.6% less likely to have moderate stress compared to those with a master’s degree. Those with a bachelor’s degree were 7.1% less likely to have moderate stress compared to those with a master’s degree. Conclusion Psychiatric nurses experience depression, anxiety and stress to varying degrees. Education level was identified as a determinant of depression, anxiety and stress. Therefore, preventive strategies should be designed to reduce the risk of these conditions.

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“…It is a validated instrument specifically adapted to the work context in which burnout symptoms occur and considers different facets of the flow experience. Also, the Flow Frequency Scale [ 126 , 127 ] is recommended as this instrument addresses three facets of flow—absorption, perceived demands-skill balance, and enjoyment—that integrate the competing operationalizations of flow [ 24 ]. This measurement instrument focuses on the frequency of flow experience and contains one item eliciting whether all three components of the flow occurred simultaneously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Flow Experience and Burnout Symptoms: A Systematic Review

Aust

Beneke

Peifer

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: In today’s performance-oriented society, burnout symptoms, defined as consequences of chronic work stress, are an increasing problem. To counteract this development, the important aims are (1) to find protective and modifiable factors that reduce the risk of developing and harboring burnout symptoms and (2) to understand the underlying mechanisms. A phenomenon potentially furthering both aims is flow experience. Based on the earlier literature, we developed a psycho-physiological “Flow-Burnout-Model”, which postulates positive or negative associations between flow and burnout symptoms, depending on the prevailing situational and personal conditions. Methods: To test our Flow-Burnout-Model, we conducted a systematic literature search encompassing flow and burnout symptoms. Eighteen empirical studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Results: The findings of the systematic review as a whole suggest a negative association between flow and burnout symptoms, both cross-sectional and longitudinal. According to the findings from longitudinal studies, flow can be interpreted as a protective factor against burnout symptoms, and burnout symptoms can be interpreted as a factor inhibiting flow. In our conclusion, we maintain the assumption of a bidirectional association between flow and burnout symptoms in the Flow-Burnout-Model but modify the initially suggested positive and negative associations between flow and burnout symptoms towards a predominantly negative relationship. Discussion: Mindful of the heterogeneous findings of earlier studies, the resulting comprehensive Flow-Burnout-Model will lay the foundations for future hypothesis-based research. This includes physiological mechanisms explaining the relationship between flow and burnout symptoms, and likewise, the conditions of their longitudinal association.

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Negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on nurses can be buffered by a sense of humor and appreciation

Cited by 28 publications

References 67 publications

Stress coping strategies used by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic

Stress coping strategies used by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic

Prevalence and determinants of depression, anxiety and stress among psychiatric nurses in Ghana: a cross-sectional study

The Relationship between Flow Experience and Burnout Symptoms: A Systematic Review

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