Negative Anomalies of the Earth’s Electric Field as Earthquake Precursors

Смирнов, С. Э.

doi:10.3390/geosciences10010010

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Since the duration of the electric field disturbance was approximately 2 minutes, according to the satellite velocity of 8 km/s, the horizontal spatial scale was 900 km. Along with the satellite monitoring of the ionosphere over seismically active regions, the behavior of the electric field on the Earth's surface before earthquakes is analyzed [Vershinin et al, 1999;Hao et al, 1998;2000;Rulenko, 2000;Smirnov, 2020]. It was shown that during the preparation of an earthquake, short local bursts of an electric field of large amplitude up to several kV/m with a duration of a few to tens of minutes occur.…”

Section: Analysis Of Results Of Observations Of the Electric Field In...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of TEC perturbations possibly related to seismic activity

Sorokin,

Novikov

2023

Annals of Geophysics

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For application of observed anomalies of the total electron content (TEC) in the ionosphere for short-term earthquake prediction, it is necessary to understand the physical nature of such anomalies during the preparation of a strong seismic event. The physical mechanism of occurrence of such anomalies is considered in order to distinguish the TEC disturbance of a seismic origin and to clear the processes in the lithosphere resulted in an appearance of the TEC anomaly in the ionosphere. It is supposed that the observed TEC anomalies arise as a result of occurrence of additional electric field in the ionosphere demonstrated by numerous satellite data before the impending earthquakes. At the same time, an injection of charged aerosols into the atmosphere in the epicentral earthquake area was detected. As a result, an electromotive force arises in the surface layer of the atmosphere, which initiates a perturbation of the electric current in the global circuit and the electric field appearance in the ionosphere. We have shown that the TEC disturbance arises as a result of the heating of the ionosphere by electric current and the plasma drift in the electric field of this current. The spatial distribution of TEC arises as a result of the combined action of these two factors, and its nature depends on the relationship between them. Based on the developed model the numerical study of the spatial distribution of TEC in the ionosphere is possible for a given horizontal distribution of the concentration of charged aerosols in the atmosphere near the Earth’s surface.

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Section: Analysis Of Results Of Observations Of the Electric Field In...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of TEC perturbations possibly related to seismic activity

Sorokin,

Novikov

2023

Annals of Geophysics

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“…In the chemical pathway, the main factors influencing the lithosphere and near-surface atmosphere are radon gas and changes in the atmospheric electric field. Previous studies have suggested that there is a potential correlation involving heightened radon gas emissions, anomalies in atmospheric electric fields, and the incidence of earthquakes [57,58]. Therefore, the data of radon gas and the atmospheric electric field were also collected, and we sought to explore the linkage between them and the extracted ionospheric TEC disturbance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Analysis of Ionospheric TEC Anomalies Prior to the Jiuzhaigou Ms7.0 Earthquake Based on BeiDou GEO Satellite Data

Jia,

Liu,

Zhang

2024

Remote Sensing

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The position between BeiDou geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites and ground-based receiving stations can roughly be considered to be constant with negligible fluctuations; thus, the total electron content (TEC) data over a fixed ionospheric piercing point (IPP) can be continuously acquired, which is advantageous for monitoring ionospheric disturbances. Focused on the Jiuzhaigou Ms7.0 earthquake that occurred on 8 August 2017, the TEC data inverted by the BeiDou GEO satellite were analyzed to extract ionospheric disturbances potentially associated with the earthquake. It was found that significant anomalies in ionospheric TEC occurred 10–11 days, 6–7 days, and 1–9 h prior to the earthquake, which was mainly located in the southeast and southwest directions within about 2500 km distance from the epicenter. Comparing the spatial and temporal characteristics between the ionospheric disturbance and the radon gas near the surface, the atmospheric electric field, and the spectrum of TEC data, it was considered that the chemical and acoustic–gravity wave pathway may play an important role in the lithosphere–atmosphere–ionosphere coupling (LAIC) mechanism.

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“…Salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk mengamati prekursor gempa bumi adalah melalui pengamatan emisi elektromagnetik (EM) dari litosfer (Hayakawa & Hobara, 2010). Aktivitas seismik sebelum terjadi gempa bumi ditandai dengan adanya anomali medan magnetik serta kerapatan elektron (De Santis, dkk, 2019), dan/atau anomali gradien potensial medan listrik (Smirnov, 2020). Emisi EM sebelum gempa bumi terjadi berada pada rentang frekuensi hertz hingga megahertz (Mullayarov, dkk, 2014) (Petraki, dkk, 2015) (Zhima, dkk, 2020).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Penerima Gelombang ELF berbasis Op-Amp untuk Pengolahan Akuisisi Data Gempa Bumi

et al. 2021

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ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas mengenai penerima gelombang extremely low frequency (ELF) untuk pengolahan akuisisi data gempa bumi. Penerima ELF dirancang menggunakan operational amplifier (Op-Amp) dengan masukan takmembalik. Sinyal yang diterima oleh antena diteruskan ke penerima ELF yang terdiri dari preamplifier dan amplifier untuk proses penguatan, serta filter aktif orde 2 untuk menekan sinyal di atas frekuensi cut-off sebesar 50Hz. Karakterisasi penerima ELF dilakukan dengan mengamati perbandingan level tegangan sinyal keluaran terhadap level tegangan sinyal masukan, sensitivitas, serta bentuk sinyal keluaran dari penerima ELF dalam domain waktu. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa penerima ELF menghasilkan penguatan sebesar 60,8dB dengan sensitifitas tinggi untuk level sinyal masukan di bawah -30dB yang mampu memenuhi level sinyal untuk pengolahan akuisisi data.Kata kunci: extremely low frequency, penerima ELF, operational amplifier, filter aktif, gempa bumi ABSTRACTThis research presents extremely low frequency (ELF) receiver for earthquake data acquisition processing. The ELF receiver is designed based on non-inverting operational amplifier (Op-Amp). The signal received by the antenna is fed into ELF receiver which consists of preamplifier and amplifier for amplification, and second order active filter to suppress unwanted signal above the cut-off frequency of 50Hz. Characterization of ELF receiver is performed by observing the comparison of the level output signal to level input signal, sensitivity, and ELF receiver signal output in time domain. The simulation results show that the ELF receiver has gain of 60.8dB with high sensitivity for low level input signals below -30dB that is able to meet signal level for data acquisition processing.Keywords: extremely low frequency, ELF receiver, operational amplifier, active filter, earthquake

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Negative Anomalies of the Earth’s Electric Field as Earthquake Precursors

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

A model of TEC perturbations possibly related to seismic activity

A model of TEC perturbations possibly related to seismic activity

The Analysis of Ionospheric TEC Anomalies Prior to the Jiuzhaigou Ms7.0 Earthquake Based on BeiDou GEO Satellite Data

Penerima Gelombang ELF berbasis Op-Amp untuk Pengolahan Akuisisi Data Gempa Bumi

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