Negative affectivity in smokers applying to smoking cessation clinics: a case-control study

Cosci, Fiammetta; Schruers, Koen; Pistelli, Francesco; Griez, Eric

doi:10.1002/da.20473

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…In addition, Ng et al [36] demonstrated that physical activity was efficacious for reducing depression and anxiety. In research on the effectiveness of cessation programs for the general population of smokers, Faulkner et al [37] provide preliminary support for the effectiveness of a physical activity program for helping smokers to quit, and Cosci et al [38] have proposed adding psychological or pharmacological support to complement smoking cessation programs. Thus, the introduction of a physical activity program alongside health promotional education might be important for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases in patients with mood disorders, in the recovery stage when the depressive symptoms are decreasing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of an interaction between smoking and being overweight increases risks of hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in outpatients with mood disorders

Nishiyama

Kimijima

Muto

et al. 2011

Environ Health Prev Med

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Objective We aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that the presence of an interaction between smoking and being overweight increases the risks of lifestyle-related diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease) in outpatients with mood disorders. Methods In this cross-sectional survey, using data from 213 outpatients with mood disorders (95 men, 118 women), we calculated the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipedemia, and cardiovascular disease, using a binary logistic regression model; we then calculated the adjusted OR values for smokers and non-smokers with body mass indexes (BMIs) of \25 or C25 kg/m 2 . Next, we examined the data for the presence of an interaction between smoking and being overweight, using three measures of additive interaction: relative excess risk due to the interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to the interaction (AP), and the synergy index (S).Results Smokers with BMI\25 kg/m 2 had a significantly lower risk of hypertension (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.09-0.81) than non-smokers with BMI \25 kg/m 2 (reference group). Compared with the reference group, overweight nonsmokers had a significantly higher risk (2.82, 1.34-6.19) of hypertension, and overweight smokers had a higher risk (4.43, 1.28-15.26) of hypertension and very high risks of diabetes (8.24, 2.47-27.42) and cardiovascular disease (13.12, 1.95-88.41). The highest RERI was derived from the relation with cardiovascular disease. The highest AP and S were derived from the relation with type 2 diabetes. There was no interaction of smoking and being overweight with dyslipidemia. Conclusion The presence of an interaction between smoking and being overweight exacerbates the risks of hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in outpatients with mood disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of an interaction between smoking and being overweight increases risks of hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in outpatients with mood disorders

Nishiyama

Kimijima

Muto

et al. 2011

Environ Health Prev Med

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“…The results initially confirmed previous findings that smokers score higher in measures of negative affect than nonsmokers. 3,7,[17][18][19][20][21] Another aspect investigated was the element Attachment to Cigarettes, which unpublished observations of our group suggest to be a true measurement of the connection between smokers and their object of addiction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The median values of SET evaluated in the two occasions were, respectively, 6.5 (3-17) and 7 (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). The value of the ICC was 0.944.…”

Section: Reliabilitymentioning

confidence: 90%

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A simple test to assess the emotional status of smokers

Monteschi

Padua

Perez

et al. 2018

Clinical Respiratory J

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Background and aims Smokers exhibit a high prevalence of psychological abnormalities, and these factors may contribute to smoking initiation, its maintenance, and quitting difficulties. This study reports the development of a scale aiming at evaluating the emotional status of smokers in face of tobacco. Methods Levels of Anxiety, Depression, Perceived Stress, Self‐esteem, and Loneliness of 120 smokers (age: 54.6 years; 74 women) were compared with those of 76 nonsmokers (age: 45.5 years; 47 women). Correlations between psychological scores, plus the feature Attachment to Cigarettes, and Fagerström test of nicotine dependence (FTND) counts were explored. Features showing the best correlations with FTND were selected to be part of a 6‐item scale called Smoker’s Emotional Test (SET). SET scores of this group and of an additional sample of smokers (n = 102; age = 52.6; women = 63) were submitted to psychometric analyses and validation tests. Results SET showed a structure of two factors, Anxiety/Depression and Attachment to Cigarettes. SET showed significant correlations with FTND (r = 0.418), number of smoked cigarettes (r = 0.299), time to urge for a new cigarette (r = −0.441), and pleasure of smoking (r = 0.346). The internal consistency of SET was higher than that of FTND scores (Cronbach’s alpha: respectively .712 and .542). The test‐retest reliability of SET was excellent (ICC = 0.944). SET scores higher than four distinguished smokers from nonsmokers with sensitivity of 87.3% and specificity of 92.7%. Conclusions SET is a simple instrument that gives an estimative of smoking‐related emotional status and may define a new valuable construct of tobacco addiction.

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“…Studies in the literature have shown an increase in negative affects in smokers, (26,27) as well as high levels of anxiety and depression in those who are about to enter a smoking cessation program. (28,29) The fact that our facility is a referral center for smoking cessation might have influenced the smokers evaluated in the present study to seek treatment there, those individuals having high levels of anxiety and depression, which were primarily due to failed attempts to quit smoking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tradução, adaptação cultural e reprodutibilidade da Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale para o português do Brasil

et al. 2012

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Objective: To cross-culturally adapt the Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale (WSWS) for use in Brazil and evaluate the reproducibility of the new (Brazilian Portuguese-language) version. Methods: The original English version of the WSWS was translated into Brazilian Portuguese. For cross-cultural adaptation, the Brazilian Portuguese-language version of the WSWS was administered to eight volunteers, all of whom were smokers. After adjustments had been made, the WSWS version was back-translated into English. The Brazilian Portugueselanguage version was thereby found to be accurate. The final Brazilian Portuguese-language version of the WSWS was applied to 75 smokers at three distinct times. For the assessment of interobserver reproducibility, it was applied twice within a 30-min interval by two different interviewers. For the assessment of intraobserver reproducibility, it was applied again 15 days later by one of the interviewers. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used in order to test the concordance of the answers. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: Of the 75 volunteers, 43 (57.3%) were female. The overall mean age was 46.3 years. Interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility was determined for each of the WSWS seven domains, the ICCs for which ranged from 0.87 to 0.94 and from 0.76 to 0.92, respectively. The mean time to completion of the WSWS was 6 min and 44 s, and the response time per question ranged from 4.2 to 12.6 s. Conclusions: The Brazilian Portugueselanguage version of the WSWS is reproducible, fast, and simple. It can therefore be used as a tool for assessing the severity of the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal syndrome.Keywords: Nicotine; Tobacco use disorder; Substance withdrawal syndrome; Reproducibility of results. ResumoObjetivo: Adaptar culturalmente e avaliar a reprodutibilidade da Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale (WSWS) para o português do Brasil. Métodos: Foi realizada a tradução da versão original em língua inglesa para o português. A versão traduzida foi aplicada em 8 voluntários fumantes para a adaptação cultural. Após ajustes, a versão da WSWS foi submetida à tradução retrógrada do português para o inglês. A versão em português do Brasil foi considerada adequada. Para a avaliação da reprodutibilidade, a escala foi aplicada em 75 fumantes em dois momentos, com intervalo de 30 minutos (reprodutibilidade interobservador) e, num terceiro momento, após 15 dias (reprodutibilidade intraobservador). Utilizou-se o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI) para testar a concordância entre as respostas. O nível de significância adotado foi p < 0,05. Resultados: Dos 75 voluntários, 43 (57,3%) eram do gênero feminino. A média geral de idade foi 46,3 anos. A reprodutibilidade interobservador e intraobservador foi determinada para cada um dos sete domínios da WSWS, com CCI variando de, respectivamente, 0,87 a 0,94 e de 0,76 a 0,92. O tempo médio de resposta da WSWS foi 6 min e 44 s, e o tempo de resposta para cada questão variou de 4,2 a 12,6 s. Conclusõ...

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Negative affectivity in smokers applying to smoking cessation clinics: a case-control study

Cited by 10 publications

References 58 publications

Presence of an interaction between smoking and being overweight increases risks of hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in outpatients with mood disorders

Presence of an interaction between smoking and being overweight increases risks of hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in outpatients with mood disorders

A simple test to assess the emotional status of smokers

Tradução, adaptação cultural e reprodutibilidade da Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale para o português do Brasil

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