“…Moreover, over the past few decades, extensive researches on the different aspects of soybean MS (CMS and NMS system) had been conducted based on traditional breeding and development of modern molecular technology, which mainly included hybrid seed production and population improvement (Ding, Gai, Cui, & Qiu, ; Gai & Fehr, ; Grayboach & Palmer, ; Jin, Horner, & Palmer, ; Lewers & Palmer, ; Sun, Zhao, & Huang, ; Sun, Zhao, Wang, Wang, & Li, ; Wang et al, ; Xie, ; Zhao et al, , ), threeâline breeding (Bai & Gai, ; Dai et al, ; Ding et al, ; Li, Ding, et al, ; Nie, Zhao, Yang, & Gai, ; Zhao & Gai, ) and recurrent selection (Lewers & Palmer, ; Si, Wang, Qiu, Gai, & Burton, ; Song, Wu, & Gai, ; Zhao et al, ). In addition, cytology and structural characteristics (Bione, Pagliarini, & Almeida, ; Chen, Albertsen, & Palmer, ; Chen & Palmer, ; Ding & Gai, ; Zhang, Sun, et al, ), genetics (Bai & Gai, ; Baumbach et al, ; CervantesâMartinez et al, , ; Kato & Palmer, , ; Ott et al, ; PerezâSackett & Palmer, ; Speth et al, ; Yang et al, ), tissue structure (chloroplasts and mitochondria) (Bione, Pagliarini, & Almeida, ; Chang et al, ; Horn et al, ; Lin et al, ), epigenetics and omics level (Ding et al, ; Ding, Wang, et al, ; Ding, Zhang, et al, ; Han et al, ; Li et al, , ; Li, Yang, & Gai, ; Li, Ding, et al, ), localization and function of fertility and restoring gene traits were also studied (Baumbach et al, ; Dong et al, ; Huang et al, ; Jiang, Yang, Yu, & Gai, ; Jiang, Yang, Yu, & Gai, ; Raval et al, …”