Although inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder that mainly affects the gastrointestinal tract, extraintestinal complications can occur in IBD patients. Among many extraintestinal complications, venous thromboembolism (VTE) is particularly a feared complication due to its significant morbidity and mortality. IBD patients have about 2 to 3 fold higher risk of developing VTE compared with the general population, and the current management guidelines for IBD patients propose recommendations for the prevention of VTE. This review aims to summarize clinical characteristics of VTE in IBD patients and to outline strategies for preventing and treating VTE in these patients. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2015;65:151-158) Key Words: Inflammatory bowel disease; Venous thromboembolism; Prevention; Treatment; Anticoagulation CC This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.