Necrotizing fasciitis complicating snakebite in Cambodia

Hearn, Pasco; Miliya, Thyl; Hor, Songly; Sar, Vuthy; Turner, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.idcr.2015.09.001

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…The main source of bacteria is the oral cavity of snakes, but the microbiota in the different layers of the victim's skin or even microorganisms from victim's clothes could also contribute [ 115 , 116 ]. Abscess formation is a common complication found in patients bitten by Viperidae snakes, being a risk factor for amputation in these patients, and it may be associated with sepsis [ 113 , 114 , 117 ]. A large number of bacteria, including anaerobic species, aerobic gram-negative rods, and a small proportion of gram-positive cocci could be inoculated with snakebites and have been isolated from the abscesses of bitten patients [ 113 , 114 ].…”

Section: Antivenom Activities Of Extracts Of Medicinal Plants Agaimentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Local Tissue Damage Induced by Snake Venoms: An Overview from Traditional Use to Pharmacological Evidence

Félix-Silva

Silva-Júnior

Zucolotto

et al. 2017

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Snakebites are a serious problem in public health due to their high morbimortality. Most of snake venoms produce intense local tissue damage, which could lead to temporary or permanent disability in victims. The available specific treatment is the antivenom serum therapy, whose effectiveness is reduced against these effects. Thus, the search for complementary alternatives for snakebite treatment is relevant. There are several reports of the popular use of medicinal plants against snakebites worldwide. In recent years, many studies have been published giving pharmacological evidence of benefits of several vegetal species against local effects induced by a broad range of snake venoms, including inhibitory potential against hyaluronidase, phospholipase, proteolytic, hemorrhagic, myotoxic, and edematogenic activities. In this context, this review aimed to provide an updated overview of medicinal plants used popularly as antiophidic agents and discuss the main species with pharmacological studies supporting the uses, with emphasis on plants inhibiting local effects of snake envenomation. The present review provides an updated scenario and insights into future research aiming at validation of medicinal plants as antiophidic agents and strengthens the potentiality of ethnopharmacology as a tool for design of potent inhibitors and/or development of herbal medicines against venom toxins, especially local tissue damage.

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Section: Antivenom Activities Of Extracts Of Medicinal Plants Agaimentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Local Tissue Damage Induced by Snake Venoms: An Overview from Traditional Use to Pharmacological Evidence

Félix-Silva

Silva-Júnior

Zucolotto

et al. 2017

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Comparison of two Jatropha species (Euphorbiaceae) used popularly to treat snakebites in Northeastern Brazil: Chemical profile, inhibitory activity against Bothrops erythromelas venom and antibacterial activity

Félix-Silva

Gomes

Fernandes

et al. 2018

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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A systematic review of necrotising fasciitis in children from its first description in 1930 to 2018

Schröder¹,

Gerin

Firth

et al. 2019

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Necrotising fasciitis is a rapidly progressing soft-tissue infection with a low incidence that carries a relevant risk of morbidity and mortality. Although necrotising fasciitis is often fatal in adults, its case fatality rate seems to be lower in children. A highly variable clinical presentation makes the diagnosis challenging, which often results in misdiagnosis and time-delay to therapy. Methods We conducted a protocol-based systematic review to identify specific features of necrotising fasciitis in children aged one month to 17 years. We searched ’PubMed’, ’Web of Science’ and ’SCOPUS’ for relevant literature. Primary outcomes were incidence and case fatality rates in population-based studies, and skin symptoms on presentation. We also assessed signs of systemic illness, causative organisms, predisposing factors, and reconstructive procedures as secondary outcomes. Results We included five studies reporting incidence and case fatality rates, two case-control studies, and 298 cases from 195 reports. Incidence rates varied between 0.022 and 0.843 per 100,000 children per year with a case-fatality rate ranging from 0% to 14.3%. The most frequent skin symptoms were erythema (58.7%; 175/298) and swelling (48%; 143/298), whereas all other symptoms occurred in less than 50% of cases. The majority of cases had fever (76.7%; 188/245), but other signs of systemic illness were present in less than half of the cohort. Group-A streptococci accounted for 44.8% (132/298) followed by Gram-negative rods in 29.8% (88/295), while polymicrobial infections occurred in 17.3% (51/295). Extremities were affected in 45.6% (136/298), of which 73.5% (100/136) occurred in the lower extremities. Skin grafts were necessary in 51.6% (84/162) of the pooled cases, while flaps were seldom used (10.5%; 17/162). The vast majority of included reports originate from developed countries. Conclusions Clinical suspicion remains the key to diagnose necrotising fasciitis. A combination of swelling, pain, erythema, and a systemic inflammatory response syndrome might indicate necrotising fasciitis. Incidence and case-fatality rates in children are much smaller than in adults, although there seems to be a relevant risk of morbidity indicated by the high percentage of skin grafts. Systematic multi-institutional research efforts are necessary to improve early diagnosis on necrotising fasciits. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-019-3941-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Necrotizing fasciitis complicating snakebite in Cambodia

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Local Tissue Damage Induced by Snake Venoms: An Overview from Traditional Use to Pharmacological Evidence

Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Local Tissue Damage Induced by Snake Venoms: An Overview from Traditional Use to Pharmacological Evidence

Comparison of two Jatropha species (Euphorbiaceae) used popularly to treat snakebites in Northeastern Brazil: Chemical profile, inhibitory activity against Bothrops erythromelas venom and antibacterial activity

A systematic review of necrotising fasciitis in children from its first description in 1930 to 2018

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